1Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DENMARK; 2Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej, Odense, DENMARK; and 3Sports Medicine Clinic, Orthopaedic Department Hospital of Lillebaelt, Vejle, DENMARK.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015 Sep;47(9):1849-56. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000604.
Physical activity (PA) is associated with several health benefits in children, and PA habits developed in childhood tend to persist into adulthood. PA may be the foundation of a healthy lifestyle, and motor performance has been shown to be positively associated with PA in cross-sectional studies. The purpose of this study was to explore the longitudinal relation between motor performance and PA in a 3-yr follow-up study.
Longitudinal analyses were performed using data from 673 participants (44% boys, 6-12 yr old) who had been included in the Childhood Health Activity and Motor Performance School study-DK. Baseline motor performance tests consisted of vertical jump, shuttle run, hand grip strength, backward balance, precision throw, and cardiovascular fitness. Composite z-scores were generated to express health-related fitness and performance-related fitness. PA was measured by accelerometer at baseline and at 3-yr follow-up and was expressed as a percentage of time in moderate-to-vigorous PA.
Cardiovascular fitness, vertical jump, health-related fitness, and performance-related fitness showed significant positive associations with 3-yr follow-up measures of PA in both sexes. Furthermore, shuttle run showed significant inverse associations with follow-up measures of PA for both sexes.
Cardiorespiratory fitness, shuttle run, vertical jump, health-related fitness, and performance-related fitness were significantly associated with time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA at 3-yr follow-up. The clinical relevance of the results indicates that cardiorespiratory fitness and shuttle run in childhood may be important determinants of PA in adolescence.
身体活动（PA）与儿童的多项健康益处相关，且儿童时期养成的 PA 习惯往往会延续至成年期。PA 可能是健康生活方式的基础，横断面研究表明，运动表现与 PA 呈正相关。本研究旨在通过一项 3 年随访研究探索运动表现与 PA 之间的纵向关系。
利用 Childhood Health Activity and Motor Performance School study-DK 研究中 673 名参与者（44%为男性，年龄 6-12 岁）的数据进行纵向分析。基线运动表现测试包括垂直跳跃、折返跑、握力、后平衡、精准投掷和心血管健康。生成综合 z 分数来表示健康相关体能和运动相关体能。PA 通过加速度计在基线和 3 年随访时进行测量，以中等到剧烈 PA 时间的百分比表示。
心血管健康、垂直跳跃、健康相关体能和运动相关体能与男女两性的 3 年随访 PA 测量值呈显著正相关。此外，折返跑与男女两性的随访 PA 测量值呈显著负相关。
心肺健康、折返跑、垂直跳跃、健康相关体能和运动相关体能与 3 年随访时的中等到剧烈 PA 时间显著相关。研究结果的临床意义表明，儿童时期的心肺健康和折返跑可能是青少年 PA 的重要决定因素。
