Liu Yu, Li Zhen, Yuan Li, Zhou Zhixiong
Institute for Sport Performance and Health Promotion, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China.
School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
Children (Basel). 2023 Sep 4;10(9):1504. doi: 10.3390/children10091504.
Physical activity in early life has positive health effects, but few children meet the physical activity recommendations. Fundamental motor skills (FMS) are related to physical activity and according to the theory, physical activity drives them in the early years and vice versa. However, no study has conducted a meta-analysis of the association between moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and early FMS. This meta-analysis examined the bidirectional correlation between MVPA and domain-specific FMS in preschool children.
We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for articles published up to August 2023. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were included if they targeted children (3-6 years old) as the study population. The association between objectively measured MVPA and FMS was evaluated.
We found 445 titles and abstracts. A total of ten studies (eleven datasets) and 2514 children met the inclusion criteria, including eight cross-sectional studies and three longitudinal studies. When using MVPA as the exposure, no associations were found with locomotor skills (β = 0.83, 95% CI: -0.08, 1.74, = 0.07) and gross motor skills (β = 2.72, 95% CI: -0.28, 5.72, = 0.08), but an association with object management skills was found (β = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.30, = 0.001). When MVPA was used as the outcome, no associations were observed between locomotor skills (β = 0.06, 95% CI: -0.35, 0.47, = 0.79), but associations with object management skills (β = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.27, = 0.02) and gross motor skill were found (β = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.75, = 0.001). The sensitivity analysis showed that the results must be treated with caution.
We found that gross motor skill (exposure) was positively associated with MVPA (outcome) in preschoolers. Object management skills were positively associated with MVPA (exposure) and MVPA (outcome) in preschoolers. In contrast, MVPA as an exposure was not associated with locomotor skills and gross motor skills. The results may suggest that promoting FMS is important for preschool children's MVPA.
早年的身体活动对健康有积极影响，但很少有儿童达到身体活动建议水平。基本运动技能（FMS）与身体活动相关，根据该理论，早年身体活动促进基本运动技能发展，反之亦然。然而，尚无研究对中等到高强度身体活动（MVPA）与早期基本运动技能之间的关联进行荟萃分析。本荟萃分析探讨了学龄前儿童MVPA与特定领域FMS之间的双向相关性。
我们检索了截至2023年8月发表在PubMed、Embase和Cochrane图书馆数据库上的文章。纳入以儿童（3至6岁）为研究对象的横断面研究和纵向研究。评估客观测量的MVPA与FMS之间的关联。
我们共找到445篇标题和摘要。共有10项研究（11个数据集）和2514名儿童符合纳入标准，其中包括8项横断面研究和3项纵向研究。以MVPA作为暴露因素时，未发现与运动技能（β = 0.83，95%CI：-0.08，1.74，P = 0.07）和粗大运动技能（β = 2.72，95%CI：-0.28，5.72，P = 0.08）有关联，但发现与物体操控技能有关联（β = 0.18，95%CI：0.06，0.30，P = 0.001）。以MVPA作为结果变量时，未观察到与运动技能之间的关联（β = 0.06，95%CI：-0.35，0.47，P = 0.79），但发现与物体操控技能（β = 0.15，95%CI：0.02，0.27，P = 0.02）和粗大运动技能有关联（β = 0.56，95%CI：0.38，0.75，P = 0.001）。敏感性分析表明，对结果必须谨慎对待。
我们发现，在学龄前儿童中，粗大运动技能（暴露因素）与MVPA（结果变量）呈正相关。物体操控技能与学龄前儿童的MVPA（暴露因素）和MVPA（结果变量）均呈正相关。相比之下，MVPA作为暴露因素与运动技能和粗大运动技能无关。研究结果可能表明，促进基本运动技能对学龄前儿童的MVPA很重要。
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