Winsor Mary P
Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, University of Toronto, 550 Spadina Crescent, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 2J9.
Endeavour. 2015 Jun;39(2):116-26. doi: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2014.11.001. Epub 2014 Dec 26.
In 1840 Hugh Strickland published a diagram showing the relationships of genera of birds in the kingfisher family. Three years later he applied this mapping idea to genera of birds of prey and songbirds, creating a large wall chart that he displayed to colleagues but never published. Both of his diagrams featured a scale of degrees of affinity. The meaning of taxonomic affinity was something Darwin thought about deeply. Details in the chart undermine Strickland's claim that his method was purely inductive.
1840年，休·斯特里克兰发表了一幅图表，展示了翠鸟科鸟类各属之间的关系。三年后，他将这种绘图方法应用于猛禽和鸣禽的属，制作了一张大幅挂图，并向同事展示，但从未发表。他的这两张图表都有一个亲缘度的比例。分类学亲缘关系的含义是达尔文深入思考过的问题。图表中的细节削弱了斯特里克兰关于他的方法是纯归纳法的说法。
