Hall La'Teese, Murrey Sarah J, Brecher Arthur S
Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA.
Adv Hematol. 2014;2014:735751. doi: 10.1155/2014/735751. Epub 2014 Dec 8.
The pharmacological effects of amphetamine, procaine, procainamide, DOPA, isoproterenol, and atenolol upon activated partial thromboplastin time in the absence and presence of acetaldehyde have been investigated. In the absence of acetaldehyde, amphetamine and isoproterenol exhibit a procoagulant effect upon activated partial thromboplastin time, whereas atenolol and procaine display anticoagulant effects upon activated partial thromboplastin time. DOPA and procainamide do not alter activated partial thromboplastin time. Premixtures of procaine with acetaldehyde produce an additive anticoagulant effect on activated partial thromboplastin time, suggesting independent action of these compounds upon clotting factors. Premixtures of amphetamine with acetaldehyde, as well as atenolol with acetaldehyde, generate a detoxication of the anticoagulant effect of acetaldehyde upon activated partial thromboplastin time. A similar statistically significant decrease in activated partial thromboplastin time is seen when procainamide is premixed with acetaldehyde for 20 minutes at room temperature. Premixtures of DOPA and isoproterenol with acetaldehyde do not affect an alteration in activated partial thromboplastin time relative to acetaldehyde alone. Hence, a selective interaction of atenolol, procaine, and amphetamine with acetaldehyde to produce detoxication of the acetaldehyde is suggested, undoubtedly due to the presence of amino, hydroxyl, or amide groups in these drugs.
已对苯丙胺、普鲁卡因、普鲁卡因胺、多巴、异丙肾上腺素和阿替洛尔在不存在和存在乙醛的情况下对活化部分凝血活酶时间的药理作用进行了研究。在不存在乙醛的情况下，苯丙胺和异丙肾上腺素对活化部分凝血活酶时间表现出促凝作用，而阿替洛尔和普鲁卡因对活化部分凝血活酶时间表现出抗凝作用。多巴和普鲁卡因胺不改变活化部分凝血活酶时间。普鲁卡因与乙醛的预混物对活化部分凝血活酶时间产生相加抗凝作用，表明这些化合物对凝血因子有独立作用。苯丙胺与乙醛的预混物以及阿替洛尔与乙醛的预混物，可消除乙醛对活化部分凝血活酶时间的抗凝作用。当普鲁卡因胺在室温下与乙醛预混20分钟时，活化部分凝血活酶时间也出现类似的统计学显著下降。多巴和异丙肾上腺素与乙醛的预混物相对于单独的乙醛而言，不影响活化部分凝血活酶时间的改变。因此，提示阿替洛尔、普鲁卡因和苯丙胺与乙醛存在选择性相互作用以产生乙醛解毒作用，这无疑是由于这些药物中存在氨基、羟基或酰胺基。
