Brain Behav. 2011 Sep;1(1):44-54. doi: 10.1002/brb3.7.
Drug abuse robs individuals of their jobs, their families, and their free will as they succumb to addiction; but may cost even more: a life of disability or even life lost due to stroke. Many illicit drugs have been linked to major cardiovascular events and other comorbidities, including cocaine, amphetamines, ecstasy, heroin, phencyclidine, lysergic acid diethylamide, and marijuana. This review focuses on available epidemiological data, mechanisms of action, particularly those leading to cerebrovascular events, and it is based on papers published in English in PubMed during 1950 through February 2011. Each drug's unique interactions with the brain and vasculature predispose even young, healthy people to ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Cocaine and amphetamines have the strongest association with stroke. However, the level of evidence firmly linking other drugs to stroke pathogenesis is weak. Large epidemiological studies and systematic evaluation of each drug's action on the brain and cardiovascular system are needed to reveal the full impact of drug use on the population.
药物滥用使个人丧失工作、家庭和自由意志，使他们屈服于毒瘾；但代价可能更高：残疾的生活，甚至因中风而失去生命。许多非法药物与主要心血管事件和其他合并症有关，包括可卡因、安非他命、摇头丸、海洛因、苯环己哌啶、麦角酸二乙基酰胺和大麻。这篇综述重点介绍了现有的流行病学数据、作用机制，特别是导致脑血管事件的机制，其依据是 1950 年至 2011 年 2 月期间在 PubMed 上发表的英文论文。每种药物与大脑和血管的独特相互作用使即使是年轻健康的人也容易发生缺血性或出血性中风。可卡因和安非他命与中风的关联最强。然而，将其他药物与中风发病机制联系起来的证据水平较弱。需要进行大型的流行病学研究和对每种药物对大脑和心血管系统作用的系统评估，以揭示药物使用对人群的全面影响。
