Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2015 Jan 1;20(5):892-901. doi: 10.2741/4343.
Glaucoma is the main cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. This disease is characterized by apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and visual field loss that seems to be related to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Several lines of evidences have implicated the crucial role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Increased mitochondrial oxidative stress in RGC may underlie or contribute to susceptibility of RGC to apoptosis. In our work we (i) designed a rabbit model of chronic, moderately elevated IOP for studying glaucoma and (ii) demonstrated efficacy of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 as a tool to reverse several traits of experimental glaucoma induced by a series of injections of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) to the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye. It is shown that 6 months instillations of drops of 0.2.5-5 microM solution of SkQ1 normalize IOP and eye hydrodynamics and abolish an increase in lens thickness that accompanies glaucoma.
青光眼是全球范围内导致不可逆性失明的主要原因。这种疾病的特征是视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）凋亡和视野丧失，这似乎与眼内压（IOP）升高有关。有几条证据表明线粒体功能障碍在青光眼的发病机制中起着关键作用。RGC 中线粒体氧化应激的增加可能是 RGC 易发生凋亡的基础或促成因素。在我们的工作中，我们（i）设计了一种慢性、适度升高 IOP 的兔模型，用于研究青光眼，（ii）证明了线粒体靶向抗氧化剂 SkQ1 的功效，作为一种工具，可以逆转一系列向兔眼前房注射羟丙基甲基纤维素（HPMC）引起的实验性青光眼的几种特征。结果表明，6 个月滴眼 0.2、2.5-5 microM SkQ1 溶液可使 IOP 和眼球动力学正常化，并消除伴随青光眼的晶状体厚度增加。
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