Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Graphene Labs, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy. Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK.
Texas Instruments, Dallas, TX 75243, USA.
Science. 2015 Jan 2;347(6217):1246501. doi: 10.1126/science.1246501.
Graphene and related two-dimensional crystals and hybrid systems showcase several key properties that can address emerging energy needs, in particular for the ever growing market of portable and wearable energy conversion and storage devices. Graphene's flexibility, large surface area, and chemical stability, combined with its excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, make it promising as a catalyst in fuel and dye-sensitized solar cells. Chemically functionalized graphene can also improve storage and diffusion of ionic species and electric charge in batteries and supercapacitors. Two-dimensional crystals provide optoelectronic and photocatalytic properties complementing those of graphene, enabling the realization of ultrathin-film photovoltaic devices or systems for hydrogen production. Here, we review the use of graphene and related materials for energy conversion and storage, outlining the roadmap for future applications.
石墨烯及相关二维晶体和杂化系统展现出多种关键特性，可满足新兴能源需求，特别是针对日益增长的便携式和可穿戴能量转换和存储设备市场。石墨烯具有柔韧性、大比表面积和化学稳定性，同时还具备优异的导电性和导热性，有望成为燃料电池和染料敏化太阳能电池中的催化剂。功能化石墨烯还可以改善电池和超级电容器中离子和电荷的存储和扩散。二维晶体则提供了光电和光催化特性，与石墨烯形成互补，从而实现用于制氢的超薄薄膜光伏器件或系统。在这里，我们综述了石墨烯及相关材料在能量转换和存储方面的应用，概述了未来应用的发展方向。
