Garcia-Monco J C, Benach J L
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook.
Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1989 Nov;15(4):711-26.
Lyme disease affects several major organ systems and leads to chronic illness. The pathogenesis of this disease appears to be centered around the long-term persistence of the organisms in tissues. In Lyme disease, isolations of B. burgdorferi are rare. It is thought that few organisms actually invade the host and that host mediators amplify the inflammatory response. Immune and nonimmune phagocytosis leading to bacterial killing occurs in Lyme disease. This organism shows preference for cell surfaces and tissues which may explain the paucity of isolations but also displays characteristic nonspecificity in its adherence to eukaryotic cells. This lack of specificity may explain its capacity to reside and injure vastly different tissues. Autoimmune mechanisms may coincide with spirochetal persistence in the pathogenesis of chronic Lyme disease.
莱姆病会影响多个主要器官系统并导致慢性病。该疾病的发病机制似乎围绕着病原体在组织中的长期持续存在。在莱姆病中，伯氏疏螺旋体的分离很少见。据认为，实际上很少有病原体侵入宿主，宿主介质会放大炎症反应。在莱姆病中会发生导致细菌杀伤的免疫和非免疫吞噬作用。这种病原体对细胞表面和组织表现出偏好，这可能解释了分离稀少的原因，但在其粘附真核细胞时也表现出特征性的非特异性。这种缺乏特异性可能解释了它在截然不同的组织中驻留和造成损伤的能力。自身免疫机制可能与慢性莱姆病发病机制中的螺旋体持续存在同时发生。
