Reeb Ben T, Chan Sut Yee Shirley, Conger Katherine J, Martin Monica J, Hollis Nicole D, Serido Joyce, Russell Stephen T
Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA,
J Youth Adolesc. 2015 Oct;44(10):1941-53. doi: 10.1007/s10964-014-0250-4. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
Research increasingly finds that race/ethnicity needs to be taken into account in the modelling of associations between protective factors and adolescent drinking behaviors in order to understand family effects and promote positive youth development. The current study examined racial/ethnic variation in the prospective effects of family cohesion on adolescent alcohol-related problems using a nationally representative sample. Data were drawn from the first two waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health and included 10,992 (50% female) non-Hispanic Asian, non-Hispanic Black, Latino, and non-Hispanic White 7th-12th graders. Consistent with Hirschi's social control theory of youth delinquency, higher levels of family cohesion predicted lower levels of future adolescent alcohol-related problems, independent of race/ethnicity, sex, age, baseline alcohol-related problems, and family socioeconomic status. Findings from moderation analyses indicated that the magnitude of associations differed across groups such that the protective effect of family cohesion was strongest among White adolescents. For Latino adolescents, family cohesion was not associated with alcohol-related problems. Future longitudinal cross-racial/ethnic research is needed on common and unique mechanisms underlying differential associations between family processes and adolescent high-risk drinking. Understanding these processes could help improve preventive interventions, identify vulnerable subgroups, and inform health policy aimed at reducing alcohol-related health disparities.
越来越多的研究发现，在对保护因素与青少年饮酒行为之间的关联进行建模时，需要考虑种族/族裔因素，以便理解家庭影响并促进青少年的积极发展。本研究使用全国代表性样本，考察了家庭凝聚力对青少年酒精相关问题的前瞻性影响中的种族/族裔差异。数据取自青少年到成人健康全国纵向研究的前两波，包括10992名（50%为女性）非西班牙裔亚裔、非西班牙裔黑人、拉丁裔和非西班牙裔白人7至12年级学生。与赫希的青少年犯罪社会控制理论一致，较高水平的家庭凝聚力预示着未来青少年酒精相关问题的水平较低，且不受种族/族裔、性别、年龄、基线酒精相关问题和家庭社会经济地位的影响。调节分析的结果表明，不同群体之间的关联程度不同，家庭凝聚力的保护作用在白人青少年中最强。对于拉丁裔青少年，家庭凝聚力与酒精相关问题无关。未来需要进行跨种族/族裔的纵向研究，以探究家庭过程与青少年高危饮酒之间差异关联背后的共同和独特机制。理解这些过程有助于改进预防干预措施，识别易受影响的亚组，并为旨在减少酒精相关健康差距的卫生政策提供信息。
