Arndt Daniel H, Goodkin Howard P, Giza Christopher C
Division of Pediatric Neurology, Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Beaumont Children's Hospital & Beaumont Health System Neurosciences, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI, USA
Division of Pediatric Neurology, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, UVA Health System, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
J Child Neurol. 2016 Jan;31(1):46-56. doi: 10.1177/0883073814562249. Epub 2015 Jan 6.
Early posttraumatic seizure is a paramount clinical issue in pediatric traumatic brain injury patients as it is a common occurrence, yet an understudied entity at present. Recent literature recognizes several posttraumatic seizure subtypes based on time of presentation and the underlying pathophysiology: impact, immediate, delayed early, and late/posttraumatic epilepsy. Appropriate classification of pediatric posttraumatic seizure subtypes can be helpful for appropriate management and prognosis. This review will focus on early posttraumatic seizures, and the subtypes of early posttraumatic seizure. Incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, seizure semiology, status epilepticus, management, risk of recurrence, and prognosis were reviewed. The integration of continuous electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring into pediatric traumatic brain injury management may hold the key to better characterizing and understanding pediatric early posttraumatic seizures. Topics for future research pertaining to pediatric early posttraumatic seizure are identified.
创伤后早期癫痫发作是小儿创伤性脑损伤患者的一个首要临床问题，因为它很常见，但目前仍是一个研究不足的实体。最近的文献根据发作时间和潜在病理生理学认识到几种创伤后癫痫发作亚型：冲击性、即刻性、早期延迟性和晚期/创伤后癫痫。对小儿创伤后癫痫发作亚型进行适当分类有助于进行适当的管理和判断预后。本综述将聚焦于创伤后早期癫痫发作及其亚型。对发病率、危险因素、诊断、癫痫发作症状学、癫痫持续状态、管理、复发风险和预后进行了综述。将连续脑电图（EEG）监测整合到小儿创伤性脑损伤管理中，可能是更好地描述和理解小儿创伤后早期癫痫发作的关键。确定了与小儿创伤后早期癫痫发作相关的未来研究主题。
