Demment Margaret, Wells Nancy, Olson Christine
Cornell University, Division of Nutritional Sciences, 352 Martha Van Rensselaer Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850.
J Sch Health. 2015 Feb;85(2):100-8. doi: 10.1111/josh.12227.
For rural adolescents, schools are among the few places where environmental interventions can promote health outside of the home. The goal of this study was to assess the nutrition and physical activity (N&PA) environments of schools attended by a birth cohort and examine the association with change in body mass index (BMI) from sixth to eighth grade.
Using data from adolescents of a rural New York State birth cohort (N = 281), we used linear mixed models to identify N&PA environments associated with change in BMI. We also examined family income trajectory as a potential modifier to consider how the association between school environment and change in BMI might differ depending on income.
We found considerable heterogeneity in environments within and between schools. Among students with low-income trajectories, reductions in BMI z-scores were associated with school environments that promote better physical education (PE) and general (non-PE, non-sport) physical activity. Schools with better sports environments were associated with reductions in BMI for some students, but not lower-income students.
School environments may have differing effects on students depending on their socioeconomic status. Strategies are needed to identify and address barriers that impair low-income students' access to health-promoting school resources.
对于农村青少年而言，学校是家庭之外少数几个能通过环境干预促进健康的场所之一。本研究的目的是评估一个出生队列中青少年所就读学校的营养与身体活动（N&PA）环境，并研究其与六年级至八年级期间体重指数（BMI）变化的关联。
利用纽约州农村出生队列中青少年的数据（N = 281），我们使用线性混合模型来确定与BMI变化相关的N&PA环境。我们还将家庭收入轨迹作为一个潜在的调节因素进行研究，以探讨学校环境与BMI变化之间的关联如何因收入不同而有所差异。
我们发现学校内部和学校之间的环境存在相当大的异质性。在低收入轨迹的学生中，BMI z评分的降低与促进更好体育教育（PE）和一般（非PE、非体育）身体活动的学校环境相关。对于一些学生来说，拥有更好体育环境的学校与BMI降低有关，但对低收入学生则不然。
学校环境对学生的影响可能因其社会经济地位而异。需要制定策略来识别和消除阻碍低收入学生获取促进健康的学校资源的障碍。
