Egbi Oghenekaro Godwin, Rotifa Stella, Jumbo Johnbull
Department of Medicine, Niger Delta University, Okolobiri; Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Ann Afr Med. 2015 Jan-Mar;14(1):8-17. doi: 10.4103/1596-3519.148709.
Hypertension (HTN) is a common medical problem with increasing prevalence and dire consequences. Considering the relative proximity of hospital workers to health care delivery, one may expect a better control of HTN and associated risk factors in this population. The objective of the current study was to determine the prevalence of HTN and risk factors among hospital employees in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.
All employees of the Federal Medical Center, Yenagoa (Bayelsa State, Nigeria) were invited for a HTN screening exercise on the world kidney day on March 14, 2013. A total of 231 participants completed this cross-sectional study. Data was obtained with a pre-tested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire while blood pressure was taken with an Accoson sphygmomanometer. Anthropometry was done using standardized protocols. Urine and blood were analyzed for glucose. HTN was defined as blood pressure >140/90 or prior diagnosis or use of antihypertensives. Data was entered, stored and analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) version 20.
The crude and age-adjusted prevalence of HTN among the hospital employee was 21.3% and 23.8% respectively. Age, marital status, educational level, body mass index, waist circumference (WC) and waist hip ratio showed significant association with HTN in the univariate analysis. However, in multivariate regression analysis, only older age and abnormal WC predicted HTN.
The prevalence of HTN among the hospital employees compared with reports in other population and was predicted by advancing age and abnormal WC. The study underscores the need for introduction of HTN screening programs among hospital employees especially staff that are older with truncal obesity.
高血压（HTN）是一个常见的医学问题，其患病率不断上升且后果严重。考虑到医院工作人员与医疗服务的相对接近程度，人们可能期望该人群中高血压及相关危险因素能得到更好的控制。本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚一家三级医院员工中高血压及危险因素的患病率。
邀请了耶那戈阿联邦医疗中心（尼日利亚巴耶尔萨州）的所有员工参加2013年3月14日世界肾脏日的高血压筛查活动。共有231名参与者完成了这项横断面研究。通过预先测试的由访谈者管理的结构化问卷获取数据，同时使用Accoson血压计测量血压。使用标准化方案进行人体测量。对尿液和血液进行葡萄糖分析。高血压定义为血压>140/90或先前诊断或使用抗高血压药物。数据使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS Inc.，美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥）版本20进行录入、存储和分析。
医院员工中高血压的粗患病率和年龄调整患病率分别为21.3%和23.8%。在单因素分析中，年龄、婚姻状况、教育水平、体重指数、腰围（WC）和腰臀比与高血压有显著关联。然而，在多变量回归分析中，只有年龄较大和腰围异常可预测高血压。
与其他人群的报告相比，医院员工中高血压的患病率较高，且由年龄增长和腰围异常所预测。该研究强调了在医院员工中，尤其是年龄较大且有腹型肥胖的员工中引入高血压筛查项目的必要性。
