Department of Physiotherapy, Federal Medical Center, Azare, Nigeria.
Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2022 May 31;42:80. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.80.26464. eCollection 2022.
the prevalence of hypertension in Nigeria is high, with a considerable proportion of it being undiagnosed. Nevertheless, early identification of influencing variables for hypertension in different population groups is important for several reasons. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of undiagnosed hypertension among staff of a university community in Nigeria.
a purposive sample of 281 staff of Bauchi State University, Gadau, Nigeria, fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Demographics, blood pressure, height, weight, socioeconomic status and physical activity were measured. Diagnosis of hypertension was defined based on a systolic and diastolic blood pressure of ≥140 mmHg and ≥90 mmHg, respectively. Data obtained was analysed descriptively, and by means of Chi-square, univariate and multivariate statistics using SPSS v24 software.
the mean age and body mass index (BMI) of the participants was 34.5 years and 23.1 ± 5.17 Kg/m, respectively. The prevalence rate of undiagnosed hypertension was 27.8%. Normotensives significantly differed from participants with undiagnosed hypertension in most of the clinical and demographic variables (p<0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that a positive family history of hypertension had the highest odds of having undiagnosed hypertension (aOR: 0.833, 95%CI: 16.55-432.87, p= 0.000). Next, a higher BMI score (aOR: 0.425, 95%CI: 0.085-0.447, p= 0.000), male gender (aOR: 0.451, 95%CI: 0.141-0.829, p= 0.018), job cadre (aOR: 0.515, 95%CI: 0.073-0.550, p= 0.002) and low physical activity level (aOR: 0.572, 95%CI: 5.296-49.777, p=0.000) were other factors with about 50% odds for having undiagnosed hypertension among the participants. Lastly, smoking status and socioeconomic status of the participants were not significantly associated with undiagnosed hypertension (p>0.05).
a high percentage of the studied population have undiagnosed hypertension that is mainly associated with non-modifiable (especially positive family history) and a few modifiable risk factors. These variables can be used for early identification and in designing appropriate preventive strategies.
尼日利亚高血压的患病率很高，其中相当一部分未被诊断出来。然而，早期确定不同人群中高血压的影响因素非常重要，原因有几个。本研究旨在确定尼日利亚一所大学社区工作人员中未确诊高血压的患病率和相关因素。
对符合条件的 281 名包奇州立大学加达乌工作人员进行了一项基于目的的抽样调查，这些工作人员参加了这项横断面研究。测量了人口统计学、血压、身高、体重、社会经济地位和身体活动。高血压的诊断标准为收缩压和舒张压分别≥140mmHg 和≥90mmHg。使用 SPSS v24 软件对获得的数据进行描述性分析和卡方检验、单变量和多变量统计分析。
参与者的平均年龄和体重指数（BMI）分别为 34.5 岁和 23.1±5.17kg/m。未确诊高血压的患病率为 27.8%。与未确诊高血压的参与者相比，血压正常者在大多数临床和人口统计学变量方面存在显著差异（p<0.05）。单变量和多变量分析显示，高血压家族史阳性者患未确诊高血压的可能性最高（优势比[OR]：0.833，95%置信区间[CI]：16.55-432.87，p=0.000）。其次，BMI 评分较高（OR：0.425，95%CI：0.085-0.447，p=0.000）、男性（OR：0.451，95%CI：0.141-0.829，p=0.018）、职务等级（OR：0.515，95%CI：0.073-0.550，p=0.002）和低体力活动水平（OR：0.572，95%CI：5.296-49.777，p=0.000）是参与者患未确诊高血压的其他因素，约有 50%的可能性。最后，参与者的吸烟状况和社会经济地位与未确诊高血压无显著相关性（p>0.05）。
研究人群中有很大一部分患有未确诊的高血压，主要与不可改变的（尤其是阳性家族史）和一些可改变的危险因素有关。这些变量可用于早期识别和制定适当的预防策略。
