Raeymaekers Joost A M, Maes Gregory E, Geldof Sarah, Hontis Ingrid, Nackaerts Kris, Volckaert Filip A M
Laboratory for Animal Biodiversity and Systematics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven, Belgium.
InterGraph Belgium NV, Tennessee House, Riverside Business Park Brussels, Belgium.
Evol Appl. 2008 Aug;1(3):475-88. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2008.00019.x.
Estimating genetic connectivity in disturbed riverine landscapes is of key importance for river restoration. However, few species of the disturbed riverine fauna may provide a detailed and basin-wide picture of the human impact on the population genetics of riverine organisms. Here we used the most abundant native fish, the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.), to detect the geographical determinants of genetic connectivity in the eastern part of the Scheldt basin in Belgium. Anthropogenic structures came out as the strongest determinant of population structure, when evaluated against a geographically well-documented baseline model accounting for natural effects. These barriers not only affected genetic diversity, but they also controlled the balance between gene flow and genetic drift, and therefore may crucially disrupt the population structure of sticklebacks. Landscape models explained a high percentage of variation (allelic richness: adjusted R (2) = 0.78; pairwise F ST: adjusted R (2) = 0.60), and likely apply to other species as well. River restoration and conservation genetics may highly benefit from riverine landscape genetics, including model building, the detection of outlier populations, and a specific test for the geographical factors controlling the balance between gene flow and genetic drift.
评估受干扰河川景观中的遗传连通性对于河流恢复至关重要。然而，受干扰的河川动物区系中很少有物种能提供人类对河川生物种群遗传学影响的详细且全流域情况。在此，我们利用最常见的本地鱼类——三刺鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus L.），来检测比利时斯海尔德河流域东部遗传连通性的地理决定因素。与考虑自然影响的地理记录完善的基线模型相比，人为构造是种群结构的最强决定因素。这些障碍不仅影响遗传多样性，还控制着基因流与遗传漂变之间的平衡，因此可能严重扰乱三刺鱼的种群结构。景观模型解释了很高比例的变异（等位基因丰富度：调整后的R² = 0.78；成对FST：调整后的R² = 0.60），并且可能也适用于其他物种。河流恢复和保护遗传学可能会从河川景观遗传学中大大受益，包括模型构建、异常种群的检测，以及对控制基因流与遗传漂变平衡的地理因素的特定测试。
