Rustempasic Nedzad, Totic Dragan, Djedovic Muhamed, Rustempasic Medzida, Malesic Nada
Clinic for vascular surgery, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzeovina.
Clinic for lung diseases and tuberculosis "Podhrastovi", Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Med Arch. 2014 Oct;68(5):329-31. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2014.68.329-331. Epub 2014 Oct 15.
Risk factors for development of extremity artery atherosclerosis are the same as for coronary and cerebrovascular atherosclerosis namely, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, arterial hypertension, age and smoking. Atherosclerosis is polyarterial disease that clinically manifests itself most frequently in the form coronary, cerebrovascular or peripheral arterial disease (PAD). All of them have common, ominous and final pathologic step - atherosclerotic plaque rupture that might eventually lead to atherothrombosis and signs of ischemia. There are few studies of risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD).
To identify prevalence of known risk factors for atherosclerosis in patients treated for acute atherothrombosis of extremity arteries.
Eighty patient were analyzed with regard to the prevalence of five risk factors for atherosclerosis (diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and age). 80 patients were divided into two groups (Group A and B) depending on country i.e. hospital where they received treatment for acute atherothrombosis of extremity artery. Group A consisted of patients treated at Clinic for vascular surgery in Sarajevo, while patients in Group B were treated in Trollhattan in Sweden at NAL hospital. This study was clinical, comparative, retrospective-prospective.
In group A, 20% of patients had diabetes mellitus while in group B prevalence of diabetics was lower (12,5%) but difference was not statistically significant p>0.05. Sixty percent of patients (60%) in group A were smokers. In Sweden, habit of smoking is not as common as in Balkan countries and consequently only 22,5% of patients were smokers in Group l, difference was statistically significant, p<0.05. In patients assigned to group A, 42.5% of them had diagnosis of hypertension while in Group B, 35% of patients were hypertensive. Difference was not statistically significant, p>0.05. 37.5% of patients in group A and 20% of patients in group B had hyperlipidemia. Difference was not statistically significant, p>0.05. In Group A mean age of patients was 67.85 years while mean age in Group B was 73.63. Age difference was statistically significant, p<0.05.
Prevalence of risk factors of atherosclerosis in peripheral artery disease were evaluated in this study. Significant difference in prevalence of two risk factors were determined namely, smoking and mean age of occurrence of atherothrombosis. Quiting smoking and adopting healthier life habits may lead to reduction of prevalence PAD in younger patients in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
肢体动脉粥样硬化发展的危险因素与冠状动脉和脑血管粥样硬化相同，即糖尿病、高脂血症、动脉高血压、年龄和吸烟。动脉粥样硬化是一种多动脉疾病，临床上最常表现为冠状动脉、脑血管或外周动脉疾病（PAD）。所有这些疾病都有共同的、不祥的最终病理步骤——动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂，这可能最终导致动脉粥样硬化血栓形成和缺血症状。关于外周动脉疾病（PAD）危险因素的研究较少。
确定接受肢体动脉急性动脉粥样硬化血栓形成治疗的患者中已知动脉粥样硬化危险因素的患病率。
对80例患者进行了动脉粥样硬化五个危险因素（糖尿病、吸烟、高血压、高脂血症和年龄）患病率的分析。根据患者接受肢体动脉急性动脉粥样硬化血栓形成治疗的国家即医院，将80例患者分为两组（A组和B组）。A组由在萨拉热窝血管外科诊所接受治疗的患者组成，而B组患者在瑞典特罗尔海坦的NAL医院接受治疗。本研究为临床、比较、回顾性-前瞻性研究。
A组中20%的患者患有糖尿病，而B组糖尿病患者的患病率较低（12.5%），但差异无统计学意义（p>0.05）。A组60%的患者吸烟。在瑞典，吸烟习惯不如巴尔干国家普遍，因此B组中只有22.5%的患者吸烟，差异有统计学意义（p<0.05）。A组中42.5%的患者被诊断为高血压，而B组中35%的患者患有高血压。差异无统计学意义（p>0.05）。A组37.5%的患者和B组20%的患者患有高脂血症。差异无统计学意义（p>0.05）。A组患者的平均年龄为67.85岁，而B组的平均年龄为73.63岁。年龄差异有统计学意义（p<0.05）。
本研究评估了外周动脉疾病中动脉粥样硬化危险因素的患病率。确定了两个危险因素患病率的显著差异，即吸烟和动脉粥样硬化血栓形成的平均发病年龄。在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那，戒烟和采取更健康的生活习惯可能会降低年轻患者外周动脉疾病的患病率。
