Bauvais Cléa, Zirah Séverine, Piette Laurie, Chaspoul Florence, Domart-Coulon Isabelle, Chapon Virginie, Gallice Philippe, Rebuffat Sylvie, Pérez Thierry, Bourguet-Kondracki Marie-Lise
Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, CNRS/MNHN UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier (CP 54), 75005 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, CNRS/MNHN UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier (CP 54), 75005 Paris, France.
Mar Environ Res. 2015 Mar;104:20-30. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.12.005. Epub 2014 Dec 26.
The present study explored the bacteria of the sponge Spongia officinalis in a metal-polluted environment, using PCR-DGGE fingerprinting, culture-dependent approaches and in situ hybridization. The sponge samples collected over three consecutive years in the Western Mediterranean Sea contained high concentrations of zinc, nickel, lead and copper determined by ICP-MS. DGGE signatures indicated a sponge specific bacterial association and suggested spatial and temporal variations. The bacterial culturable fraction associated with S. officinalis and tolerant to heavy metals was isolated using metal-enriched microbiological media. The obtained 63 aerobic strains were phylogenetically affiliated to the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. All isolates showed high tolerances to the selected heavy metals. The predominant genus Pseudovibrio was localized via CARD-FISH in the sponge surface tissue and validated as a sponge-associated epibiont. This study is the first step in understanding the potential involvement of the associated bacteria in sponge's tolerance to heavy metals.
本研究采用PCR-DGGE指纹图谱、培养依赖法和原位杂交技术，对金属污染环境中药用海绵（Spongia officinalis）的细菌进行了探究。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定，在西地中海连续三年采集的海绵样本中含有高浓度的锌、镍、铅和铜。DGGE图谱表明海绵具有特定的细菌群落，并显示出时空变化。使用富含金属的微生物培养基分离出与药用海绵相关且耐重金属的可培养细菌部分。获得的63株需氧菌株在系统发育上隶属于变形菌门、放线菌门和厚壁菌门。所有分离株对所选重金属均表现出高耐受性。通过催化报告沉积荧光原位杂交技术（CARD-FISH）将优势属假弧菌定位在海绵表面组织中，并验证其为与海绵相关的附生生物。本研究是了解相关细菌在海绵对重金属耐受性中潜在作用的第一步。
