Shiue Ivy
School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK.
Owens Institute for Behavioral Research, University of Georgia, Athens, USA.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Jan;273(1):93-103. doi: 10.1007/s00405-015-3504-1. Epub 2015 Jan 10.
Links between chronic diseases and hearing loss in adults have emerged. However, previous investigations were not complete, and the role of life events was unclear. Therefore, it was aimed to examine the relationships of common chronic diseases and life events and adult hearing loss in a country-wide and population-based study. Data were retrieved from UK Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, 2007, being cross-sectional, including demographics, self-reported prior health conditions and hearing loss (ever and in the last 12 months), and several major life events. Analyses included Chi square test, t test, logistic regression model, and population attributable risk estimation. People who had prior health conditions including cancer, migraine, dementia, depression, cataracts, chronic bronchitis, allergy, bowel problem, bladder problem, arthritis, muscle problem or skin problem tended to report hearing loss than their counterparts. People who have experienced major life events including post-traumatic stress disorder, serious illness of close relatives, death of family, serious problems with friends, major financial crisis, valuables stolen, being bullied, violence at home, sexual abuse or running away from home were also more likely to experience ever hearing loss problem or that in the last 12 months. 2.0-13.1 % adult hearing loss could be delayed or prevented by managing chronic diseases while 4.1-18.1 % might be delayed or prevented by minimizing the negative effects of life events. Chronic diseases and life events were associated with hearing loss in adults. Better managing lifestyle to minimize detrimental impacts in future health and nursing programs would be suggested.
成人慢性病与听力损失之间的联系已逐渐显现。然而，以往的调查并不全面，生活事件所起的作用也不明确。因此，在一项全国性的基于人群的研究中，旨在探讨常见慢性病、生活事件与成人听力损失之间的关系。数据取自2007年英国成人精神病患病率调查，该调查为横断面研究，包括人口统计学信息、自我报告的既往健康状况和听力损失情况（曾经和过去12个月内），以及一些重大生活事件。分析包括卡方检验、t检验、逻辑回归模型和人群归因风险估计。患有包括癌症、偏头痛、痴呆、抑郁症、白内障、慢性支气管炎、过敏、肠道问题、膀胱问题、关节炎、肌肉问题或皮肤问题等既往健康状况的人比其他人更倾向于报告有听力损失。经历过包括创伤后应激障碍、近亲重病、家人死亡、与朋友的严重问题、重大金融危机、贵重物品被盗、被欺负、家庭暴力、性虐待或离家出走等重大生活事件的人也更有可能曾经有过听力损失问题或在过去12个月内有过听力损失问题。通过管理慢性病，2.0 - 13.1%的成人听力损失可以得到延缓或预防，而通过将生活事件的负面影响降至最低，4.1 - 18.1%的听力损失可能得到延缓或预防。慢性病和生活事件与成人听力损失有关。建议更好地管理生活方式，以尽量减少对未来健康和护理项目的不利影响。
