Jordanova Vesna, Stewart Robert, Goldberg David, Bebbington Paul E, Brugha Traolach, Singleton Nicola, Lindesay James E B, Jenkins Rachel, Prince Martin, Meltzer Howard
Health Service and Population Research Dept., King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2007 Aug;42(8):611-6. doi: 10.1007/s00127-007-0209-9. Epub 2007 May 22.
Life events (LEs) are recognised to be important risk factors for common mental disorders (CMD). Their prominence may vary across age groups but this issue has received little systematic investigation.
Data were analysed from the 2000 UK National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity comprising 8,580 participants aged 16-74 years. A history of recent life events pertaining to health threats, bereavement, interpersonal problems and redundancy was established for the preceding six months. Participants were also asked about earlier lifetime stressors including sexual abuse and expulsion from school. CMD, depression and generalised anxiety disorder were ascertained through the revised Clinical Interview Schedule.
The strongest associations between LEs and CMD were for recent threats to health, recent interpersonal problems and lifetime stressors. Recent LEs were more strongly associated with depression than anxiety whereas the associations for lifetime stressors were similar in strength. The strength of association between recent LEs and CMD increased steadily up to the 45-54 years age group and then declined. In the 65-74 year age range, CMD was not significantly associated with any recent LE but instead was associated with the following lifetime stressors: bullying, sexual abuse, running away from home, and institutional care in childhood.
Recent life events were most strongly associated with CMD in mid-rather than early or late adult life. In later life, stronger associations were found with lifetime stressors than recent events.
生活事件被认为是常见精神障碍（CMD）的重要风险因素。其显著性在不同年龄组中可能有所不同，但这一问题很少得到系统研究。
对2000年英国精神疾病全国调查的数据进行分析，该调查涵盖了8580名年龄在16 - 74岁之间的参与者。确定了前六个月内与健康威胁、丧亲之痛、人际问题和裁员相关的近期生活事件史。参与者还被问及早期生活应激源，包括性虐待和被学校开除。通过修订后的临床访谈表确定CMD、抑郁症和广泛性焦虑症。
生活事件与CMD之间最强的关联是近期的健康威胁、近期的人际问题和终生应激源。近期生活事件与抑郁症的关联比与焦虑症的关联更强，而终生应激源的关联强度相似。近期生活事件与CMD之间的关联强度在45 - 54岁年龄组之前稳步上升，然后下降。在65 - 74岁年龄范围内，CMD与任何近期生活事件均无显著关联，而是与以下终生应激源相关：欺凌、性虐待、离家出走和童年时期的机构照料。
近期生活事件与CMD的最强关联出现在成年中期而非成年早期或晚期。在晚年，与终生应激源的关联比与近期事件的关联更强。
