Hidasi Zoltan, Salacz Pal, Csibri Eva
Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Pszichiátriai és Pszichoterápiás Klinika, Budapest, Hungary.
Neuropsychopharmacol Hung. 2014 Dec;16(4):205-11.
Movement disorders are common in psychiatry. The movement disorder can either be the symptom of a psychiatric disorder, can share a common aetiological factor with it, or can be the consequence of psychopharmacological therapy. Most common features include tic, stereotypy, compulsion, akathisia, dyskinesias, tremor, hypokinesia and disturbances of posture and gait. We discuss characteristics and clinical importance of these features. Movement disorders are frequently present in mood disorders, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, catatonia, Tourette-disorder and psychogenic movement disorder, leading to differential-diagnostic and therapeutical difficulties in everyday practice. Movement disorders due to psychopharmacotherapy can be classified as early-onset, late-onset and tardive. Frequent psychiatric comorbidity is found in primary movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, Wilson's disease, Huntington's disease, diffuse Lewy-body disorder. Complex neuropsychiatric approach is effective concerning overlapping clinical features and spectrums of disorders in terms of movement disorders and psychiatric diseases.
运动障碍在精神病学中很常见。运动障碍既可以是精神障碍的症状，与精神障碍有共同的病因学因素，也可以是心理药物治疗的结果。最常见的特征包括抽搐、刻板动作、强迫行为、静坐不能、运动障碍、震颤、运动减退以及姿势和步态障碍。我们讨论这些特征的特点和临床重要性。运动障碍经常出现在心境障碍、焦虑障碍、精神分裂症、紧张症、图雷特氏障碍和心理性运动障碍中，导致日常实践中的鉴别诊断和治疗困难。心理药物治疗引起的运动障碍可分为早发型、晚发型和迟发性。在原发性运动障碍中，如帕金森病、威尔逊病、亨廷顿病、弥漫性路易体障碍，常发现精神疾病共病。就运动障碍和精神疾病而言，复杂的神经精神病学方法对于重叠的临床特征和疾病谱是有效的。
