Lozano Miguel, Cid Joan
Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis, CDB, University Clinic Hospital, IDIBAPS Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona Spain.
F1000Prime Rep. 2014 Nov 4;6:105. doi: 10.12703/P6-105. eCollection 2014.
Transfusion of blood components is one of the most common medical treatments, and in spite of the time that has evolved since we started to transfuse blood routinely in the 1930s, there are issues associated with its use that we are still trying to improve. Issues such as when to transfuse and adverse effects associated with the transfusion are fields where new evidence is being generated that ideally should help us to indicate when and what to transfuse to the patients. The recognition that the evidence generated in randomized control trials was not widely applied to guide the indication of the transfusion of blood components has provoked the development of initiatives that try to reduce its unnecessary usage. Those initiatives, grouped under the name of patient blood management, have represented a significant paradigm change, and a growing number of activities in this field are performed in health-care facilities around the world. This article tries to summarize the latest publications in those fields.
血液成分输血是最常见的医疗治疗方法之一。尽管自20世纪30年代我们开始常规输血以来已经过去了很长时间，但输血使用中仍存在一些问题，我们仍在努力改进。诸如何时输血以及与输血相关的不良反应等问题，目前正在产生新的证据，理想情况下这些证据应有助于我们确定何时以及给患者输注何种血液成分。人们认识到随机对照试验产生的证据并未广泛应用于指导血液成分输血的指征，这促使了一些旨在减少不必要输血的举措的发展。这些举措以患者血液管理的名义进行了整合，代表了重大的范式转变，并且世界各地的医疗机构在这一领域开展的活动越来越多。本文试图总结这些领域的最新出版物。
