Ellis Erin M, Orom Heather, Giovino Gary A, Kiviniemi Marc T
Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York.
Health Psychol. 2015 Sep;34(9):966-9. doi: 10.1037/hea0000197. Epub 2015 Jan 12.
Health behaviors, including smoking and fruit and vegetable consumption, are both associated with psychological distress and vary by race/ethnicity. The relation of global psychological distress to behavior also varies by race/ethnicity, but the specific negative affective states responsible for this effect are not known. This study examined how the relation of feelings of depression and anxiety to health behaviors differs by race/ethnicity.
Secondary data analysis of the HINTS nationally representative population survey was conducted. Survey participants reported their current symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as smoking status and fruit and vegetable consumption. Survey weighted linear and logistic regression analyses were used to assess whether race/ethnicity moderated the relation of symptoms of depression and anxiety to smoking and fruit and vegetable consumption.
For symptoms of depression, but not anxiety, there was a significant interaction between race/ethnicity and psychological distress in predicting both smoking status and fruit and vegetable consumption. Greater depressive symptoms were related to a greater likelihood of smoking and lower fruit and vegetable consumption for White, but not Black respondents. For Hispanic respondents, depressive symptoms were associated with a greater likelihood of currently smoking, but were not associated with fruit and vegetable consumption.
The association between depressive symptoms and both smoking and fruit and vegetable consumption differs as a function of race/ethnicity. These findings have implications for understanding the extent to which negative affective states influence health behaviors across different racial/ethnic groups, and for developing interventions that effectively target smoking and fruit and vegetable consumption among different racial/ethnic subgroups.
健康行为，包括吸烟以及水果和蔬菜的摄入量，既与心理困扰相关，又因种族/族裔而异。全球心理困扰与行为之间的关系也因种族/族裔而异，但造成这种影响的具体负面情绪状态尚不清楚。本研究探讨了抑郁和焦虑情绪与健康行为之间的关系如何因种族/族裔而有所不同。
对具有全国代表性的健康信息全国趋势调查（HINTS）进行二次数据分析。调查参与者报告了他们当前的抑郁和焦虑症状，以及吸烟状况和水果和蔬菜的摄入量。使用调查加权线性回归和逻辑回归分析来评估种族/族裔是否调节了抑郁和焦虑症状与吸烟以及水果和蔬菜摄入量之间的关系。
对于抑郁症状而非焦虑症状，在预测吸烟状况和水果和蔬菜摄入量方面，种族/族裔与心理困扰之间存在显著的交互作用。白人受访者中，抑郁症状越严重，吸烟的可能性越大，水果和蔬菜摄入量越低，但黑人受访者并非如此。对于西班牙裔受访者，抑郁症状与当前吸烟的可能性增加有关，但与水果和蔬菜摄入量无关。
抑郁症状与吸烟以及水果和蔬菜摄入量之间的关联因种族/族裔而异。这些发现对于理解负面情绪状态在不同种族/族裔群体中影响健康行为的程度，以及制定有效针对不同种族/族裔亚组吸烟和水果和蔬菜摄入量的干预措施具有启示意义。
