Espada José P, Escribano Silvia, Orgilés Mireia, Morales Alexandra, Guillén-Riquelme Alejandro
a Department of Health Psychology , Miguel Hernández University , Alicante , Spain.
AIDS Care. 2015;27(6):783-8. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.996516. Epub 2015 Jan 14.
Despite advances in treatment and prevention, HIV/AIDS remains a serious health and social problem. This study's objective is to examine sexual behavior, levels of knowledge, and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS between two cohorts in Spanish adolescents, and to analyze gender differences in these cohorts. Participants were 2132 adolescents between 15 and 18 years of age: 1222 in 2006 (43.2% boys) and 910 in 2012 (54.1% boys). The results indicate lower HIV knowledge and less favorable attitudes about HIV/AIDS in the 2012 cohort. In addition, adolescents from the 2012 cohort had their first sexual intercourse at an earlier age and have more sexual partners than those from the 2006 cohort. Compared to boys, girls engage in fewer risky behaviors, although they did not use condoms with their stable partner; girls tended to use condom less when they were in a stable relationship than boys. This study confirms the insufficiency of prevention campaigns as well as the need to improve the impact from programs that promote healthy sexual habits. Assuming comparability of cohorts, this study suggests increased risk of HIV/AIDS over time.
尽管在治疗和预防方面取得了进展，但艾滋病毒/艾滋病仍然是一个严重的健康和社会问题。本研究的目的是调查西班牙青少年两个队列之间的性行为、知识水平和对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的态度，并分析这些队列中的性别差异。参与者为2132名15至18岁的青少年：2006年有1222名（男孩占43.2%），2012年有910名（男孩占54.1%）。结果表明，2012年队列中的青少年对艾滋病毒的了解较少，对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的态度也不太积极。此外，2012年队列中的青少年首次性行为的年龄更早，性伴侣也比2006年队列中的青少年更多。与男孩相比，女孩的危险行为较少，不过她们在与固定伴侣发生性行为时不使用避孕套；女孩在稳定关系中使用避孕套的频率往往比男孩低。本研究证实了预防宣传活动的不足，以及改善促进健康性行为习惯项目影响的必要性。假设队列具有可比性，本研究表明随着时间的推移，感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的风险会增加。
