Brown L K, Lourie K J, Flanagan P, High P
Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence 02903, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 1998 Dec;10(6):565-73.
This article reports on the prevalence of HIV-related risk behaviors among young adolescent mothers. To determine the facilitators and barriers to condom use for young adolescent mothers, a survey of HIV-related knowledge, attitudes and behavior and focus groups was conducted. Young mothers (N = 58) have basic knowledge and some personal concern about HIV, but also hold common misconceptions about HIV and people with AIDS. Despite their anxiety about HIV, almost half rarely or never protect themselves against HIV by using a condom. Although 70% of the sample use hormonal contraceptives, more than one third of the sample have had a second child within an average of 18 months after the birth of their first baby. Personal concern about HIV was significantly associated with consistency of condom use. Because of low rates of condom use and substantial rates of multiple sex partners, STDs and second pregnancies, disadvantaged adolescent mothers are at risk of exposure to HIV. Increased personalized concern for HIV may lead to greater motivations for safer behavior for these mothers. In addition to protecting their own safety, the protection of their child may be an important motivator for safe behavior. Cultural taboos against safe sex and the perception of such behavior as "unfeminine" also need to be addressed for these women.
本文报道了年轻青春期母亲中与艾滋病毒相关的风险行为的流行情况。为了确定年轻青春期母亲使用避孕套的促进因素和障碍，开展了一项关于艾滋病毒相关知识、态度和行为的调查以及焦点小组讨论。年轻母亲（N = 58）对艾滋病毒有基本知识和一些个人关注，但对艾滋病毒和艾滋病患者也存在常见的误解。尽管她们对艾滋病毒感到焦虑，但几乎一半的人很少或从不使用避孕套来预防艾滋病毒。虽然70%的样本使用激素避孕法，但超过三分之一的样本在第一个孩子出生后的平均18个月内又生育了第二个孩子。对艾滋病毒的个人关注与避孕套使用的一致性显著相关。由于避孕套使用率低以及多性伴、性传播感染和再次怀孕的比例较高，处境不利的青春期母亲面临感染艾滋病毒的风险。对艾滋病毒的个性化关注增加可能会促使这些母亲更有动力采取更安全的行为。除了保护自身安全外，保护孩子可能是她们采取安全行为的一个重要动力。对于这些女性，还需要解决对安全性行为的文化禁忌以及将此类行为视为“不女性化”的观念。
