UMR 1161 Virology, ANSES, Laboratory for Animal Health, 94706 Maisons-Alfort, France; UMR 1161 Virology, INRA, 94706 Maisons-Alfort, France; UMR 1161 Virology, Université Paris Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, 94706 Maisons-Alfort, France.
Centre for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Curr Opin Virol. 2015 Feb;10:34-41. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2014.12.006. Epub 2015 Jan 9.
The concept of zoonotic viral hepatitis E has emerged a few years ago following the discovery of animal strains of hepatitis E virus (HEV), closely related to human HEV, in countries where sporadic cases of hepatitis E were autochthonous. Recent advances in the identification of animal reservoirs of HEV have confirmed that strains circulating in domestic and wild pigs are genetically related to strains identified in indigenous human cases. The demonstration of HEV contamination in the food chain or pork products has indicated that HEV is frequently a foodborne zoonotic pathogen. Direct contacts with infected animals, consumption of contaminated animal meat or meat products are all potential means of zoonotic HEV transmission. The recent identification of numerous other genetically diverse HEV strains from various animal species poses additional potential concerns for HEV zoonotic infection.
几年前，在发现与人类戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）密切相关的动物株 HEV 之后，动物源性戊型肝炎的概念出现了，在这些国家，散发性戊型肝炎病例是土生土长的。最近在鉴定 HEV 的动物宿主方面的进展证实，在家庭和野猪中循环的毒株与在土著人类病例中鉴定的毒株在基因上有关。HEV 在食物链或猪肉产品中的污染表明，HEV 是一种常见的食源性人畜共患病病原体。与受感染动物的直接接触、食用受污染的动物肉或肉类产品都是人畜共患 HEV 传播的潜在途径。最近从各种动物物种中鉴定出许多其他具有遗传多样性的 HEV 株，这给 HEV 人畜共感染带来了更多潜在的担忧。
