Chalamaiah M, Hemalatha R, Jyothirmayi T, Diwan Prakash V, Bhaskarachary K, Vajreswari A, Ramesh Kumar R, Dinesh Kumar B
National Institute of Nutrition (Indian Council of Medical Research), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Central Food Technological Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Resource Centre, Hubshiguda, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Nutrition. 2015 Feb;31(2):388-98. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.08.006. Epub 2014 Sep 6.
The aim of this study was to prepare protein hydrolysates from underutilized common carp (Cyprinus carpio) egg and to investigate their immunomodulatory effects in vivo.
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) egg (roe) was hydrolysed by pepsin, trypsin, and Alcalase. Chemical composition (proximate, amino acid, mineral and fatty acid compositions) and molecular mass distribution of the three hydrolysates were determined. The carp egg protein hydrolysates (CEPHs) were evaluated for their immunomodulatory effects in BALB/c mice. CEPHs (0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/kg body weight) were orally administered daily to female BALB/c mice (4-6 wk, 18-20 g) for a period of 45 d. After 45 d, mice were sacrificed and different tissues were collected for the immunologic investigations.
The three hydrolysates contained high protein content (64%-73%) with all essential amino acids, and good proportion of ω-3 fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid. Molecular mass analysis of hydrolysates confirmed the conversion of large-molecular-weight roe proteins into peptides of different sizes (5-90 kDa). The three hydrolysates significantly enhanced the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes. Pepsin hydrolysate (0.5 g/kg body weight) significantly increased the splenic natural killer cell cytotoxicity, mucosal immunity (secretory immunoglobulin A) in the gut and level of serum immunoglobulin A. Whereas Alcalase hydrolysate induced significant increases in the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in spleen.
The results demonstrate that CEPHs are able to improve the immune system and further reveal that different CEPHs may exert differential influences on the immune function. These results indicate that CEPHs could be useful for several applications in the health food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries.
本研究旨在利用未充分利用的鲤鱼卵制备蛋白质水解物，并研究其体内免疫调节作用。
用胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶水解鲤鱼卵（鱼子）。测定了三种水解物的化学成分（近似、氨基酸、矿物质和脂肪酸组成）和分子量分布。评估了鲤鱼卵蛋白水解物（CEPHs）对BALB/c小鼠的免疫调节作用。将CEPHs（0.25、0.5和1 g/kg体重）每日口服给予雌性BALB/c小鼠（4 - 6周龄，18 - 20 g），持续45天。45天后，处死小鼠并收集不同组织进行免疫学研究。
三种水解物含有高蛋白含量（64% - 73%），包含所有必需氨基酸，且ω-3脂肪酸比例良好，尤其是二十二碳六烯酸。水解物的分子量分析证实了大分子鱼子蛋白转化为不同大小（5 - 90 kDa）的肽。三种水解物显著增强了脾脏淋巴细胞的增殖。胃蛋白酶水解物（0.5 g/kg体重）显著提高了脾脏自然杀伤细胞的细胞毒性、肠道黏膜免疫（分泌型免疫球蛋白A）和血清免疫球蛋白A水平。而碱性蛋白酶水解物诱导脾脏中CD4+和CD8+细胞百分比显著增加。
结果表明CEPHs能够改善免疫系统，并进一步揭示不同的CEPHs可能对免疫功能产生不同的影响。这些结果表明CEPHs在保健食品、制药和营养保健品行业的多种应用中可能有用。
