García-Cela Esther, Marin Sonia, Sanchis Vicente, Crespo-Sempere Ana, Ramos Antonio J
Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, Lleida 25198, Spain.
Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, Lleida 25198, Spain.
Fungal Biol. 2015 Jan;119(1):67-78. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.11.004. Epub 2014 Nov 25.
The effects of two exposure times per day (6 and 16 h) of UV-A or UV-B radiation, combined with dark and dark plus light incubation periods during 7-21 d on fungal growth and mycotoxins production of Aspergillus species were studied. Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus parasiticus were inoculated on grape and pistachio media under diurnal and nocturnal temperatures choosing light photoperiod according to harvest conditions of these crops in Spain. Ultraviolet irradiation had a significant effect on A. carbonarius and A. parasiticus colony size (diameter, biomass dry weight, and colony density) and mycotoxin accumulation, although intraspecies differences were observed. Inhibition of A. carbonarius fungal growth decreased when exposure time was reduced from 16 h to 6 h, but this was not always true for ochratoxin A (OTA) production. OTA reduction was higher under UV-A than UV-B radiation and the reduction increased along time conversely to the aflatoxins (AFs). Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was the main toxin produced by A. parasiticus except in the UV-B light irradiated colonies which showed a higher percentage of AFG than AFB. Morphological changes were observed in colonies grown under UV-B light.
研究了每天两次暴露于UV - A或UV - B辐射（6小时和16小时），并结合7至21天的黑暗及黑暗加光照培养期对曲霉菌种真菌生长和霉菌毒素产生的影响。根据西班牙这些作物的收获条件选择光照周期，在昼夜温度下，将黑曲霉和寄生曲霉接种在葡萄和开心果培养基上。紫外线照射对黑曲霉和寄生曲霉的菌落大小（直径、生物量干重和菌落密度）以及霉菌毒素积累有显著影响，尽管观察到种内差异。当暴露时间从16小时减少到6小时时，黑曲霉真菌生长的抑制作用降低，但对于赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）的产生并非总是如此。UV - A辐射下OTA的减少高于UV - B辐射，并且与黄曲霉毒素（AFs）相反，减少量随时间增加。寄生曲霉产生的主要毒素是黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1），但在UV - B光照照射的菌落中，AFG的比例高于AFB。在UV - B光照下生长的菌落中观察到了形态变化。
