Miscetti Giorgio, Abbritti Emilio Paolo, Bodo Patrizia, Lumare Alessandro, Romano Gargarella Lea
Struttura Complessa Prevenzione e Sicurezza negli Ambienti di Lavoro, Azienda Sanitaria USLUMBRIA1 - Perugia.
Med Lav. 2015 Jan 9;106(1):36-47.
The purpose of the research was to evaluate the respect of the regulation on the prohibition of alcohol consumption in the building sector through an alcohol breath test campaign, and to acquire information on the alcohol consumption by the contractors.
In the course of the investigation which covered the period 2011-2013, in a sample of construction, it was decided to access with verification of the presence of alcoholic beverages, administration workers to an anonymous questionnaire on alcohol consumption, execution of alcohol breath test.
The reached population consisted in 1635 subjects, 1040 of which Italians and 595 foreigners; the consumers of at least 0,5 AU/die resulted being 354 among Italians and 250 among foreigners (p<0,05), the main occasion of consumption was observed being the meal for 39,8% of subjects; wine, followed by beer, were recorded as the most consumed beverages. The great majority of subjects, 1340, declared being aware of the regulation on the prohibition of alcohol consumption and only a minimum part of it, 42 subjects, declared having occasionally consumed alcoholic beverages for more than 6 AU, or having driven a car, 3 subjects, after having consumed at least 2 AU, or having had interviews, 115 subjects, about alcohol consumption with healthcare operators. The alcohol test results only marked 91 cases (5,6%) of positiveness with values mostly confined to 0,2 g/l, and the distribution of positive tests resulted substantially overlapping (p>0,05) between foreigners and Italians. Notwithstanding, among the negative subjects, 9% declared having consumed alcoholics during the meal immediately preceding the work shift; all this underlining a sound dangerous behaviour. A behaviour which may easily escape to an alcohol metric test, considering the relationship between the timing of the last alcohol consumption, the quantity assumed, the test timing and its result.
The authors conclude pointing out how, in the studied sector, there certainly is a great tendency to respect the regulation on the prohibition of alcohol consumption, and how there is a reliable modification with regards to alcohol among the behavioural models traditionally allocated to building contractors, with a strong reduction of consumption as in working as in non-working hours. Notwithstanding, the authors may want to underline the persistency of dangerous behaviours worthy promotion, information and education actions. Besides, they advise and wish for additional interventions by the legislator, directed to better define the boundaries of the prohibition and impose in such boundaries an alcohol test level equal to 0 during the working hours.
本研究旨在通过酒精呼气测试活动评估建筑行业关于禁止饮酒规定的遵守情况，并获取承包商饮酒情况的信息。
在2011 - 2013年期间的调查过程中，在一个建筑样本中，决定检查是否存在酒精饮料，向管理人员发放一份关于饮酒情况的匿名问卷，并进行酒精呼气测试。
研究对象共有1635人，其中意大利人1040名，外国人595名；意大利人中每日至少饮用0.5个酒精单位的消费者有354人，外国人中有250人（p<0.05），观察到主要饮酒场合是用餐，占39.8%的受试者；记录显示葡萄酒是最常饮用的饮料，其次是啤酒。绝大多数受试者（1340人）表示知晓禁止饮酒的规定，只有极少数人（42人）表示偶尔饮酒超过6个酒精单位，或在饮用至少2个酒精单位后开车（3人），或与医疗保健人员谈论饮酒情况（115人）。酒精测试结果仅显示91例阳性（5.6%），数值大多局限于0.2克/升，阳性测试结果在外国人和意大利人之间的分布基本重叠（p>0.05）。尽管如此，在阴性受试者中，9%的人表示在工作班次前的用餐期间饮用了酒精饮料；所有这些都凸显了一种明显的危险行为。考虑到最后一次饮酒时间、饮酒量、测试时间及其结果之间的关系，这种行为可能很容易逃过酒精测试。
作者指出，在所研究的行业中，确实有很大的倾向遵守禁止饮酒的规定，并且传统上归因于建筑承包商的行为模式在饮酒方面有可靠的改变，工作时间和非工作时间的饮酒量都大幅减少。尽管如此，作者强调仍存在值得推广、宣传和教育的危险行为。此外，他们建议并希望立法者采取更多干预措施，以更好地界定禁止范围，并在该范围内规定工作时间的酒精测试水平为零。
