Sperlich Stefanie, Geyer Siegfried
Medical Sociology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany,
Int J Public Health. 2015 Mar;60(3):375-87. doi: 10.1007/s00038-015-0654-2. Epub 2015 Jan 23.
This study explores the contribution of social and family-related factors to women's experience of an effort-reward imbalance (ERI) in household and family work.
Using a population-based sample of German mothers (n = 3,129), we performed stepwise logistic regression analysis in order to determine the relative impact of social and family-related factors on ERI.
All factors investigated showed a significant association with at least one ERI component. Considering all predictors simultaneously in the multivariate analysis resulted in a decrease in significance of socioeconomic status in explaining the effort-reward ratio while the impact on low reward partly remained significant. In addition, age of youngest child, number of children, lower levels of perceived social support, domestic work inequity and negative work-to-family spillover, irrespective of being half- or full-time employed, revealed to be important in predicting ERI.
The experience of ERI in domestic work is influenced by the social and family environment. Particularly among socially disadvantaged mothers, lack of social recognition for household and family work proved to be a relevant source of psychosocial stress.
本研究探讨社会和家庭相关因素对女性在家庭及家务劳动中所经历的付出-回报失衡（ERI）的影响。
我们以德国母亲为样本（n = 3129），采用逐步逻辑回归分析来确定社会和家庭相关因素对ERI的相对影响。
所有调查因素均与至少一个ERI成分存在显著关联。在多变量分析中同时考虑所有预测因素时，社会经济地位在解释付出-回报比方面的显著性降低，而其对低回报的影响部分仍具有显著性。此外，无论母亲是兼职还是全职工作，最小孩子的年龄、孩子数量、感知到的社会支持水平较低、家务劳动不公平以及负面的工作-家庭溢出效应在预测ERI方面都很重要。
家务劳动中ERI的经历受社会和家庭环境影响。尤其在社会处境不利的母亲中，家务和家庭劳动缺乏社会认可被证明是心理社会压力的一个相关来源。
