Hamdan Hamdan Z, Nasser Nasser M, Adam Ammar M, Saleem Mahgoub A, Elamin Maha I
Faculty of Medicine, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan,
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2015 May;165(1):30-4. doi: 10.1007/s12011-015-0236-4. Epub 2015 Jan 24.
Diabetic retinopathy is the most common complications of diabetes mellitus that, in most occasions, lead to blindness. Multiple evidences linked the serum magnesium, iron and ferritin disturbance with diabetes and its complications. A case-control study was conducted at Makkah Eye Complex, Khartoum, Sudan, to compare the levels of serum magnesium, iron and ferritin in patients with diabetic retinopathy with diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (controls). Findings indicate that all patients had type 2 diabetes. The two groups (50 in each arm) were well matched in their basic characteristics. Median (25th-75th interquartile) of serum magnesium in patients with diabetic retinopathy were significantly lower than patients without diabetic retinopathy [1.48 (0.75-1.64) vs. 1.92 (1.4-2.3)mg/dl, P = 0.022]. The median of serum iron and ferritin were lower in cases than control group but did not reach a statistical significance [20.5 (17.2-48.0) vs. 27.0 (16.0-54.0) μg/dl, P = 0.568; 98.0 (45.0-134.75) vs. 101.0 (47.0-161.0) μg/l, P = 0.818]. The duration of diabetes [16.5 (9.3) vs. 11.2 (6.6) years; P = 0.014] and haemoglobin level [13.7 (0.9) vs. 12.5 (2.0) g/dl; P = 0.039] were significantly higher in cases group than control group. A significant inverse correlation was observed between serum magnesium and iron levels. Twenty (40 %) patients had severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy with mild macular edema, which is the most prevalent type among the cases group. Hypomagnesaemia among diabetic patients was associated with diabetic retinopathy, while serum iron and ferritin have no significant effect in this setting. Severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy with mild macular edema is the prevalent type in this study.
糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病最常见的并发症，在大多数情况下会导致失明。多项证据表明血清镁、铁和铁蛋白紊乱与糖尿病及其并发症有关。在苏丹喀土穆的麦加眼科中心进行了一项病例对照研究，以比较糖尿病视网膜病变患者与无糖尿病视网膜病变的糖尿病患者（对照组）的血清镁、铁和铁蛋白水平。研究结果表明，所有患者均为2型糖尿病。两组（每组50例）的基本特征匹配良好。糖尿病视网膜病变患者的血清镁中位数（第25-75四分位数）显著低于无糖尿病视网膜病变的患者[1.48（0.75-1.64）对1.92（1.4-2.3）mg/dl，P = 0.022]。病例组的血清铁和铁蛋白中位数低于对照组，但未达到统计学意义[20.5（17.2-48.0）对27.0（16.0-54.0）μg/dl，P = 0.568；98.0（45.0-134.75）对101.0（47.0-161.0）μg/l，P = 0.818]。病例组的糖尿病病程[16.5（9.3）对11.2（6.6）年；P = 0.014]和血红蛋白水平[13.7（0.9）对12.5（2.0）g/dl；P = 0.039]显著高于对照组。血清镁和铁水平之间存在显著的负相关。20例（40%）患者患有严重非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变伴轻度黄斑水肿，这是病例组中最常见的类型。糖尿病患者的低镁血症与糖尿病视网膜病变有关，而在这种情况下血清铁和铁蛋白没有显著影响。严重非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变伴轻度黄斑水肿是本研究中的常见类型。
