Wytrążek Marcin, Huber Juliusz, Lipiec Joanna, Kulczyk Aleksandra
Assistant, Laboratory of Manual Therapy and Massage, College of Education and Therapy in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
Professor, Department of Pathophysiology of Locomotor Organs, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2015 Mar-Apr;38(3):232-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2014.12.005. Epub 2015 Jan 20.
The aims of this study were to assess trigger points (TrPs), their pain threshold, and the activity of motor units in the neck and shoulder girdle muscles of young volunteers and to assess palpation, algometry, and surface electromyography (EMG) for their detection.
Seventy participants aged from 19 to 26 years (20.6 ± 1.4 years [mean ± SD]) were examined to identify TrPs through palpation, an algometer test for pressure pain threshold (PPT), a test for the activity of muscle motor units at rest (rEMG) and at maximal contraction (mcEMG) with surface EMG recordings.
Palpation studies revealed numerous symmetrical nonreferring latent TrPs (379/560 performed tests), referring latent TrPs (91/560), and few active TrPs (4/560). Algometry confirmed the lowest PPT in active TrPs and the highest PPT in participants with no TrPs (86/560). Pressure pain thresholds were lower in nonpregnant women than in men, especially in the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles with nonreferring and referring latent TrPs. Trigger points evoked a moderate increase of rEMG amplitude but with no evident changes in mcEMG.
This study showed that the preliminary algometry and rEMG recordings monitored a decrease in PPT and an increase in muscle tension in all cases of TrPs in each of the 3 types detected in people younger than 30 years.
本研究旨在评估年轻志愿者颈肩带肌肉中的触发点（TrP）、其疼痛阈值以及运动单位的活动，并评估触诊、痛觉计检查和表面肌电图（EMG）用于检测触发点的情况。
对70名年龄在19至26岁（平均年龄20.6±1.4岁[均值±标准差]）的参与者进行检查，通过触诊、压力疼痛阈值（PPT）的痛觉计测试、使用表面肌电图记录在静息状态（rEMG）和最大收缩状态（mcEMG）下肌肉运动单位的活动测试来识别触发点。
触诊研究发现了大量对称的非牵涉性潜伏触发点（560次测试中有379次）、牵涉性潜伏触发点（560次测试中有91次）以及少数活跃触发点（560次测试中有4次）。痛觉计检查证实活跃触发点的PPT最低，无触发点的参与者PPT最高（560次测试中有86次）。非孕妇的压力疼痛阈值低于男性，尤其是在斜方肌和胸锁乳突肌中存在非牵涉性和牵涉性潜伏触发点时。触发点引起rEMG振幅适度增加，但mcEMG无明显变化。
本研究表明，初步的痛觉计检查和rEMG记录监测到，在30岁以下人群中检测出的3种类型的每种触发点情况下，PPT均降低，肌肉张力均增加。
