Wood Christopher R, Rosenbaum Joel L
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2015 May;25(5):276-85. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2014.12.008. Epub 2015 Jan 21.
The cilium is the site of function for a variety of membrane receptors, enzymes and signal transduction modules crucial for a spectrum of cellular processes. Through targeted transport and selective gating mechanisms, the cell localizes specific proteins to the cilium that equip it for the role of sensory antenna. This capacity of the cilium to serve as a specialized compartment where specific proteins can be readily concentrated for sensory reception also makes it an ideal organelle to employ for the regulated emission of specific biological material and information. In this review we present and discuss an emerging body of evidence centered on ciliary ectosomes - bioactive vesicles released from the surface of the cilium.
纤毛是多种膜受体、酶和信号转导模块发挥功能的场所，这些对于一系列细胞过程至关重要。通过靶向运输和选择性门控机制，细胞将特定蛋白质定位到纤毛上，使其具备充当感觉天线的作用。纤毛能够作为一个特殊的区室，特定蛋白质可在此处容易地聚集以进行感觉接收，这也使其成为用于特定生物材料和信息的调节性释放的理想细胞器。在本综述中，我们展示并讨论了一系列以纤毛外泌体为中心的新证据，纤毛外泌体是从纤毛表面释放的生物活性囊泡。
