Kolodziejek Anna M, Miller Samuel I
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Cell Microbiol. 2015 Mar;17(3):333-41. doi: 10.1111/cmi.12420. Epub 2015 Feb 23.
Salmonellae have the ability to invade, persist and replicate within an intracellular phagosome termed the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV). Salmonellae alter lipid and protein content of the SCV membrane and manipulate cytoskeletal elements in contact with the SCV using the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-2) type III secretion system effectors. These modifications result in microtubular-based movement and morphological changes, which include endosomal tubulation of the SCV membrane. SseJ is a SPI-2 effector that localizes to the cytoplasmic face of the SCV and esterifies cholesterol through its glycerophospholipid : cholesterol acyltransferase activity. SseJ enzymatic activity as well as localization to the SCV are determined by binding to the small mammalian GTPase, RhoA. This review will focus on current knowledge about the role of SseJ in SCV membrane modification and will discuss how the hypothesis that a major role of SPI-2 effectors is to modify SCV protein and lipid content to promote bacterial intracellular survival.
沙门氏菌具有侵入、在称为含沙门氏菌液泡（SCV）的细胞内吞噬体中持续存在并复制的能力。沙门氏菌改变SCV膜的脂质和蛋白质含量，并利用沙门氏菌致病岛1（SPI-2）III型分泌系统效应器操纵与SCV接触的细胞骨架成分。这些修饰导致基于微管的运动和形态变化，其中包括SCV膜的内体成管现象。SseJ是一种SPI-2效应器，定位于SCV的细胞质面，并通过其甘油磷脂：胆固醇酰基转移酶活性使胆固醇酯化。SseJ的酶活性以及在SCV上的定位是通过与小哺乳动物GTP酶RhoA结合来确定的。本综述将聚焦于目前关于SseJ在SCV膜修饰中作用的知识，并将讨论SPI-2效应器的主要作用是修饰SCV蛋白质和脂质含量以促进细菌细胞内存活这一假说。
