Krizo Jessica A, Mintz Eric M
Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University , Kent, OH , USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University , Kent, OH , USA ; School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University , Kent, OH , USA.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2015 Jan 9;5:234. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00234. eCollection 2014.
There is a strong bias in basic research on circadian rhythms toward the use of only male animals in studies. Furthermore, of the studies that use female subjects, many use only females and do not compare results between males and females. This review focuses on behavioral aspects of circadian rhythms that differ between the sexes. Differences exist in the timing of daily onset of activity, responses to both photic and non-photic stimuli, and in changes across the lifespan. These differences may reflect biologically important traits that are ecologically relevant and impact on a variety of responses to behavioral and physiological challenges. Overall, more work needs to be done to investigate differences between males and females as well as differences that are the result of hormonal changes across the lifespan.
在昼夜节律的基础研究中，存在一种强烈的偏向，即研究中仅使用雄性动物。此外，在使用雌性受试者的研究中，许多研究仅使用雌性，并未比较雄性和雌性之间的结果。本综述聚焦于昼夜节律在行为方面的性别差异。在每日活动开始的时间、对光刺激和非光刺激的反应以及整个生命周期中的变化方面均存在差异。这些差异可能反映了具有生物学重要性且与生态相关的特征，并影响对行为和生理挑战的各种反应。总体而言，需要开展更多工作来研究雄性和雌性之间的差异以及整个生命周期中激素变化所导致的差异。
