电子废物处理的生命周期评估
Life cycle assessment of electronic waste treatment.
作者信息
Hong Jinglan, Shi Wenxiao, Wang Yutao, Chen Wei, Li Xiangzhi
机构信息
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China; Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Public Health School, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
出版信息
Waste Manag. 2015 Apr;38:357-65. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.12.022. Epub 2015 Jan 23.
Life cycle assessment was conducted to estimate the environmental impact of electronic waste (e-waste) treatment. E-waste recycling with an end-life disposal scenario is environmentally beneficial because of the low environmental burden generated from human toxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity, and marine ecotoxicity categories. Landfill and incineration technologies have a lower and higher environmental burden than the e-waste recycling with an end-life disposal scenario, respectively. The key factors in reducing the overall environmental impact of e-waste recycling are optimizing energy consumption efficiency, reducing wastewater and solid waste effluent, increasing proper e-waste treatment amount, avoiding e-waste disposal to landfill and incineration sites, and clearly defining the duties of all stakeholders (e.g., manufacturers, retailers, recycling companies, and consumers).
进行了生命周期评估，以估计电子废物（电子垃圾）处理对环境的影响。采用报废处置方案的电子垃圾回收利用对环境有益，因为其在人体毒性、陆地生态毒性、淡水生态毒性和海洋生态毒性类别方面产生的环境负担较低。填埋和焚烧技术分别比采用报废处置方案的电子垃圾回收利用具有更低和更高的环境负担。降低电子垃圾回收利用总体环境影响的关键因素包括优化能源消耗效率、减少废水和固体废物排放、增加适当的电子垃圾处理量、避免将电子垃圾处置到填埋场和焚烧场，以及明确界定所有利益相关者（如制造商、零售商、回收公司和消费者）的职责。
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