Malchow Berend, Keeser Daniel, Keller Katriona, Hasan Alkomiet, Rauchmann Boris-Stephan, Kimura Hiroshi, Schneider-Axmann Thomas, Dechent Peter, Gruber Oliver, Ertl-Wagner Birgit, Honer William G, Hillmer-Vogel Ursula, Schmitt Andrea, Wobrock Thomas, Niklas Andree, Falkai Peter
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany; Institute of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany.
Schizophr Res. 2016 Jun;173(3):182-191. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.01.005. Epub 2015 Jan 23.
The objective of this longitudinal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging study was to examine the effects of endurance training on hippocampal and grey matter volumes in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. 20 chronic schizophrenia patients and 21 age- and gender-matched healthy controls underwent 3months of endurance training (30min, 3 times per week). 19 additionally recruited schizophrenia patients played table soccer ("foosball" in the USA) over the same period. MR imaging with 3D-volumetric T1-weighted sequences was performed on a 3T MR scanner at baseline, after 6weeks and after the 3-month intervention and 3 additional training-free months. In addition to voxel-based morphometry (VBM), we performed manual and automatic delineation of the hippocampus and its substructures. Endurance capacity and psychopathological symptoms were measured as secondary endpoints. No significant increases in the volumes of the hippocampus or hippocampal substructures were observed in schizophrenia patients or healthy controls. However, VBM analyses displayed an increased volume of the left superior, middle and inferior anterior temporal gyri compared to baseline in schizophrenia patients after the endurance training, whereas patients playing table soccer showed increased volumes in the motor and anterior cingulate cortices. After the additional training-free period, the differences were no longer present. While endurance capacity improved in exercising patients and healthy controls, psychopathological symptoms did not significantly change. The subtle changes in the left temporal cortex indicate an impact of exercise on brain volumes in schizophrenia. Subsequent studies in larger cohorts are warranted to address the question of response variability of endurance training.
这项纵向磁共振成像研究的目的是检验耐力训练对精神分裂症患者和健康对照者海马体及灰质体积的影响。20名慢性精神分裂症患者和21名年龄及性别匹配的健康对照者接受了3个月的耐力训练（每周3次，每次30分钟）。另外招募的19名精神分裂症患者在同一时期进行桌上足球（在美国称为“桌上足球”）运动。在基线、6周后、3个月干预后以及额外3个月无训练期后，使用3D容积T1加权序列在3T磁共振扫描仪上进行磁共振成像。除了基于体素的形态测量（VBM）外，我们还对海马体及其亚结构进行了手动和自动描绘。将耐力能力和精神病理症状作为次要终点进行测量。在精神分裂症患者或健康对照者中，未观察到海马体或海马体亚结构体积有显著增加。然而，VBM分析显示，耐力训练后，精神分裂症患者左侧颞上回、颞中回和颞下回前部的体积相对于基线有所增加，而进行桌上足球运动的患者运动皮质和前扣带回皮质的体积增加。在额外的无训练期后，差异不再存在。虽然运动的患者和健康对照者的耐力能力有所提高，但精神病理症状没有显著变化。左侧颞叶皮质的细微变化表明运动对精神分裂症患者脑体积有影响。有必要在更大的队列中进行后续研究，以解决耐力训练反应变异性的问题。
