Vila-Barrios Lucía, Carballeira Eduardo, Varela-Sanz Adrián, Iglesias-Soler Eliseo, Dopico-Calvo Xurxo
Performance and Health Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of A Coruna, 15179 A Coruña, Spain.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2023 Nov 21;13(12):959. doi: 10.3390/bs13120959.
The presence of less healthy lifestyle habits among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia which can contribute to the escalation of physical disorders and exacerbation of psychological symptoms is well documented. The present scoping review aims to synthesize and evaluate the available evidence regarding the impact of regular physical exercise on psychopathology, cognition, and quality of life (QoL) in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. A literature search was performed across Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus for randomized control trials published up to April 2022. Two independent reviewers applied the selection criteria and a third reviewer resolved discrepancies. A total of twelve studies were included, of which nine used endurance training and three used concurrent training (one of these additionally used resistance training). The results reveal benefits of various modalities of supervised regular exercise in the psychopathology of schizophrenia. Furthermore, regular endurance training seems to improve cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia and promote their QoL; however, results are inconclusive with respect to this last variable. The assessment of methodological quality in the reviewed articles indicates a high overall risk of bias, particularly in relation to deviations from intended interventions and the selection of reported results. Furthermore, an assessment of exercise reporting revealed that only 5 out of 19 items were fulfilled in more than 50% of the articles. Future research is needed to evaluate the effects of different training modalities and the optimal dose-response relationship in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.
已充分证明，被诊断为精神分裂症的个体存在不太健康的生活方式习惯，这可能导致身体疾病的升级和心理症状的加重。本综述旨在综合和评估关于定期体育锻炼对被诊断为精神分裂症患者的精神病理学、认知和生活质量（QoL）影响的现有证据。通过科学网、Scopus、PubMed和SPORTDiscus对截至2022年4月发表的随机对照试验进行了文献检索。两名独立评审员应用选择标准，第三名评审员解决分歧。共纳入12项研究，其中9项使用耐力训练，3项使用同时训练（其中1项还使用了阻力训练）。结果显示，各种形式的有监督的定期锻炼对精神分裂症的精神病理学有益。此外，定期耐力训练似乎能改善精神分裂症患者的认知功能并提高其生活质量；然而，关于最后一个变量的结果尚无定论。对所审查文章的方法学质量评估表明，总体偏倚风险较高，特别是在与预期干预措施的偏差和报告结果的选择方面。此外，对运动报告的评估显示，19项内容中只有5项在超过50%的文章中得到满足。需要未来的研究来评估不同训练方式的效果以及被诊断为精神分裂症患者的最佳剂量反应关系。
