Carbonero Alfonso, Guzmán Lucía T, Montaño Karen, Torralbo Alicia, Arenas-Montes Antonio, Saa Luis R
Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, University of Cordoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain.
Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y de Alimentos, Laboratorio de Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 110150, Ecuador.
Prev Vet Med. 2015 Mar 1;118(4):427-35. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.01.007. Epub 2015 Jan 16.
Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, a bacterial agent for which ruminants are the main reservoir. An extensive cross-sectional study to determine the seroprevalence of and associated risk factors for Q fever was performed in dairy and mixed (dairy-beef) cattle herds in Ecuador. A total of 2668 serum samples from 386 herds were analyzed using an ELISA. In addition, a questionnaire with 57 variables related to management, feeding, facilities, biosecurity and animal health was completed for every cattle farm. A Generalized Estimating Equations model was used to determine the factors associated with C. burnetii seropositivity. The true prevalence of C. burnetii seropositivity in dairy and mixed cattle from Ecuador reached 12.6% (CI95%: 11.3-13.9%). The herd prevalence was 46.9% (181/386) (CI95%: 41.9-51.9%), and the within herd prevalence ranged between 8% and 100% (mean: 25.0%; Q1: 12.5%, Q2: 25.0%, Q3: 37.5%). Four factors were included in the GEE model for C. burnetii seropositivity: age of the cattle (OR: 1.01; CI95%: 1.006-1.014), feeding of calves with milk replacers (OR: 1.94; CI95%: 1.1-3.3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus seropositivity (OR: 1.54; CI95%: 1.1-2.3), and disinfection of the umbilical cord (OR: 0.60; CI95%: 0.4-0.9).
Q热是一种由伯氏考克斯体引起的人畜共患病，反刍动物是该细菌病原体的主要宿主。在厄瓜多尔的奶牛群和混合（奶牛-肉牛）牛群中进行了一项广泛的横断面研究，以确定Q热的血清阳性率及相关危险因素。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）对来自386个牛群的总共2668份血清样本进行了分析。此外，还为每个养牛场填写了一份包含57个与管理、饲养、设施、生物安全和动物健康相关变量的问卷。采用广义估计方程模型来确定与伯氏考克斯体血清阳性相关的因素。厄瓜多尔奶牛和混合牛群中伯氏考克斯体血清阳性的真实患病率达到12.6%（95%置信区间：11.3 - 13.9%）。牛群患病率为46.9%（181/386）（95%置信区间：41.9 - 51.9%），牛群内患病率在8%至100%之间（平均值：25.0%；第一四分位数：12.5%，第二四分位数：25.0%，第三四分位数：37.5%）。广义估计方程模型中纳入了与伯氏考克斯体血清阳性相关的四个因素：牛的年龄（比值比：1.01；95%置信区间：1.006 - 1.014）、用代乳品喂养犊牛（比值比：1.94；95%置信区间：1.1 - 3.3）、牛呼吸道合胞病毒血清阳性（比值比：1.54；95%置信区间：1.1 - 2.3）以及脐带消毒（比值比：0.60；95%置信区间：0.4 - 0.9）。
