Sánchez Gloria, Nevarez Theresa, Schink Werner, Hayes-Bautista David E
G. Sánchez is associate clinical professor, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and family medicine associate residency program director, Los Angeles County Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. T. Nevarez is associate clinical professor, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and family medicine residency program director, Los Angeles County Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. W. Schink is retired chief of research division, California Department of Social Services, Sacramento, California. D.E. Hayes-Bautista is distinguished professor of medicine and director, Center for the Study of Latino Health and Culture, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Acad Med. 2015 Jul;90(7):906-12. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000619.
To update and extend a 2000 study on the California Latino physician workforce, the authors examined the Latino physician workforce in the 30-year time frame spanning 1980 to 2010, comparing changes in the rates of physicians per 100,000 population for the Latino and non-Hispanic white (NHW) populations in the United States as a whole and in the five states with (in 2010) the largest Latino populations.
The authors used detailed data from the U.S. Census (Public Use Microdata Samples for 1980-2010) to identify total population, total number of physicians, and Spanish-language ability for both the Latino and NHW populations. They examined nativity for only Latinos.
At the national level, the NHW physician rate per 100,000 of the NHW population increased from 211 in 1980 to 315 in 2010 while the Latino physician rate per 100,000 of the Latino population dropped over the same period from 135 to 105. With small variations, the same trend occurred in all five of the states examined. At the national and state levels, Latino physicians were far more likely to speak Spanish than NHW physicians. Over the 30-year period, the Latino physician population has evolved from being primarily foreign born to being about evenly split between foreign born and U.S. born.
The Latino physician shortage has worsened over the past 30 years. The authors recommend immediate action on the national and local level to increase the supply of Latino physicians.
为更新并扩展一项2000年关于加利福尼亚州拉丁裔医师劳动力的研究，作者考察了1980年至2010年这30年时间框架内的拉丁裔医师劳动力情况，比较了美国整体以及（2010年）拉丁裔人口最多的五个州中，拉丁裔和非西班牙裔白人（NHW）每10万人口的医师比率变化。
作者使用了来自美国人口普查（1980 - 2010年公共使用微观数据样本）的详细数据，以确定拉丁裔和NHW人口的总人口、医师总数以及西班牙语能力。他们仅考察了拉丁裔的出生地。
在国家层面，NHW每10万人口的医师比率从1980年的211上升至2010年的315，而同期拉丁裔每10万人口的医师比率从135降至105。在所考察的五个州中也出现了类似的小幅度变化趋势。在国家和州层面，拉丁裔医师比NHW医师更有可能说西班牙语。在这30年期间，拉丁裔医师群体已从主要为外国出生演变为外国出生和美国出生的人数大致相当。
在过去30年里，拉丁裔医师短缺情况恶化。作者建议在国家和地方层面立即采取行动，增加拉丁裔医师的供应。
