Nancharaiah Y V, Lens P N L
Environmental Engineering and Water Technology Department, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
Environmental Engineering and Water Technology Department, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2015 Mar;79(1):61-80. doi: 10.1128/MMBR.00037-14.
In nature, selenium is actively cycled between oxic and anoxic habitats, and this cycle plays an important role in carbon and nitrogen mineralization through bacterial anaerobic respiration. Selenium-respiring bacteria (SeRB) are found in geographically diverse, pristine or contaminated environments and play a pivotal role in the selenium cycle. Unlike its structural analogues oxygen and sulfur, the chalcogen selenium and its microbial cycling have received much less attention by the scientific community. This review focuses on microorganisms that use selenate and selenite as terminal electron acceptors, in parallel to the well-studied sulfate-reducing bacteria. It overviews the significant advancements made in recent years on the role of SeRB in the biological selenium cycle and their ecological role, phylogenetic characterization, and metabolism, as well as selenium biomineralization mechanisms and environmental biotechnological applications.
在自然界中，硒在有氧和无氧生境之间积极循环，这个循环通过细菌的厌氧呼吸在碳和氮的矿化过程中发挥重要作用。硒呼吸细菌（SeRB）存在于地理分布多样的原始或受污染环境中，在硒循环中起着关键作用。与它的结构类似物氧和硫不同，硫族元素硒及其微生物循环受到科学界的关注要少得多。本综述聚焦于以硒酸盐和亚硒酸盐作为末端电子受体的微生物，与对硫酸盐还原细菌的深入研究相并行。它概述了近年来在SeRB在生物硒循环中的作用及其生态作用、系统发育特征、代谢，以及硒生物矿化机制和环境生物技术应用方面取得的重大进展。
