Lin Yandan, Fotios Steve, Wei Minchen, Liu Yihong, Guo Weihong, Sun Yaojie
Institute for Electric Light Sources, Fudan University, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Lighting Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
School of Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015 Jan 29;56(3):1649-56. doi: 10.1167/iovs.14-15963.
Involuntary physiological responses offer an alternative means to psychophysical procedures for objectively evaluating discomfort glare. This study examined eye movement and pupil size responses to glare discomfort using new approaches to analysis: relative pupil size and speed of eye movement.
Participants evaluated glare discomfort using the standard de Boer rating scale under various conditions manipulated to influence glare discomfort. Eye movement was recorded using an electro-oculogram (EOG), and pupil size was recorded using Tobii glasses. Ten young (mean age: 24.5 years old) and 10 senior (mean age: 61 years old) participants were recruited for this experiment.
Subjective evaluation of glare discomfort was highly correlated with eye movement (multiple correlation coefficient [R(2)] of >0.94, P < 0.001) and pupil constriction (R(2) = 0.38, P < 0.001). Severe glare discomfort increased the speed of eye movement and caused larger pupil constriction. Larger variations of eye movement were found among seniors.
The two physiological responses studied here to characterize discomfort glare under various lighting conditions had significant correlation with the subjective evaluation. The correlation between discomfort glare and physiological responses suggests an objective way to characterize and evaluate discomfort glare that may overcome the problems of conventional subjective evaluation. It also offers an explanation as to why long-term exposure to discomfort glare leads to visual fatigue and eyestrain.
非自主生理反应为客观评估不适眩光提供了一种替代心理物理学程序的方法。本研究采用新的分析方法：相对瞳孔大小和眼动速度，研究了眼动和瞳孔大小对眩光不适的反应。
参与者在各种影响眩光不适的条件下，使用标准的德布尔评分量表评估眩光不适。使用眼电图（EOG）记录眼动，使用托比眼镜记录瞳孔大小。招募了10名年轻人（平均年龄：24.5岁）和10名老年人（平均年龄：61岁）参与本实验。
眩光不适的主观评估与眼动（多重相关系数[R(2)]>0.94，P<0.001）和瞳孔收缩（R(2)=0.38，P<0.001）高度相关。严重的眩光不适会增加眼动速度并导致更大的瞳孔收缩。老年人的眼动变化更大。
本研究中用于表征不同光照条件下不适眩光的两种生理反应与主观评估具有显著相关性。不适眩光与生理反应之间的相关性表明了一种表征和评估不适眩光的客观方法，该方法可能克服传统主观评估的问题。这也解释了为什么长期暴露于不适眩光会导致视觉疲劳和眼睛疲劳。
