Istiqomah Novera, Suzuki Yuta, Kinzuka Yuya, Minami Tetsuto, Nakauchi Shigeki
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan.
Department of Computer Engineering, Telkom University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Heliyon. 2022 Jun 26;8(6):e09772. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09772. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Visual-field (VF) anisotropy has been investigated in terms of spatial resolution of attention, spatial frequency, and semantic processing. Brightness perception has also been reported to vary between VFs. However, the influence of VF anisotropy on brightness perception using pupillometry has not been investigated. The present study measured participants' pupil size during glare illusion, in which converging luminance gradients evoke brightness enhancement and a glowing impression on the central white area of the stimulus, and halo stimuli, in which the same physical brightness of the glare illusion is used with a diverging luminance pattern. The results revealed greater stimulus-evoked pupillary dilation and glare-related dilated pupil reduction in the upper VF (UVF) compared with other VFs and halo-related pupillary changes, respectively. The stimulus-evoked pupillary dilation was affected by poor contrast sensitivity. However, owing to the superior cognitive bias formed by statistical regularity in natural scene processing of the glare illusion in the UVF, we found reduced pupillary dilation compared with the response to halo stimuli and the response from other VFs. These findings offer valuable insight into a method to reduce the potential glare effect of any VF anisotropy induced by the glare effect experienced in daily vision. An important practical implication of our study may be in informing the design of applications aimed at improving nighttime driving behavior. We also believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it offers valuable insights on VF anisotropy using evidence from pupillometry and the glare illusion.
人们已从注意力的空间分辨率、空间频率和语义处理方面对视野（VF）各向异性进行了研究。据报道，亮度感知在不同视野之间也存在差异。然而，尚未研究使用瞳孔测量法来探究视野各向异性对亮度感知的影响。本研究测量了参与者在眩光错觉（其中汇聚的亮度梯度会在刺激的中央白色区域引起亮度增强和发光印象）和光晕刺激（其中使用与眩光错觉相同的物理亮度但具有发散的亮度模式）过程中的瞳孔大小。结果显示，与其他视野和光晕相关的瞳孔变化相比，上视野（UVF）中刺激诱发的瞳孔扩张和与眩光相关的瞳孔扩张减少更为明显。刺激诱发的瞳孔扩张受对比度敏感度差的影响。然而，由于在UVF中眩光错觉的自然场景处理中统计规律形成的优越认知偏差，我们发现与对光晕刺激的反应和其他视野的反应相比，瞳孔扩张有所减少。这些发现为减少日常视觉中眩光效应引起的任何视野各向异性的潜在眩光效应的方法提供了有价值的见解。我们研究的一个重要实际意义可能在于为旨在改善夜间驾驶行为的应用设计提供信息。我们还认为，我们的研究对文献做出了重大贡献，因为它利用瞳孔测量法和眩光错觉的证据对视野各向异性提供了有价值的见解。
