McWilliams Brian D, Torres Alfredo G
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555. USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555. USA. ; Department of Pathology and Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555. USA.
Microbiol Spectr. 2014;2(2):EHEC00032013. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.EHEC-0003-2013.
Adhesins are a group of proteins in enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) that are involved in the attachment or colonization of this pathogen to abiotic (plastic or steel) and biological surfaces, such as those found in bovine and human intestines. This review provides the most up-to-date information on these essential adhesion factors, summarizing important historical discoveries and analyzing the current and future state of this research. In doing so, the proteins intimin and Tir are discussed in depth, especially regarding their role in the development of attaching and effacing lesions and in EHEC virulence. Further, a series of fimbrial proteins (Lpf1, Lpf2, curli, ECP, F9, ELF, Sfp, HCP, and type 1 fimbriae) are also described, emphasizing their various contributions to adherence and colonization of different surfaces and their potential use as genetic markers in detection and classification of different EHEC serotypes. This review also discusses the role of several autotransporter proteins (EhaA-D, EspP, Saa and Sab, and Cah), as well as other proteins associated with adherence, such as flagella, EibG, Iha, and OmpA. While these proteins have all been studied to varying degrees, all of the adhesins summarized in this chapter have been linked to different stages of the EHEC life cycle, making them good targets for the development of more effective diagnostics and therapeutics.
黏附素是肠出血性大肠杆菌（EHEC）中的一组蛋白质，它们参与该病原体与非生物（塑料或钢铁）以及生物表面（如牛和人类肠道中的表面）的附着或定植。本综述提供了关于这些重要黏附因子的最新信息，总结了重要的历史发现，并分析了该研究的现状和未来发展。在此过程中，深入讨论了 intimin 和 Tir 蛋白，特别是它们在形成紧密黏附损伤和 EHEC 毒力方面的作用。此外，还描述了一系列菌毛蛋白（Lpf1、Lpf2、卷曲菌毛、ECP、F9、ELF、Sfp、HCP 和 1 型菌毛），强调了它们对不同表面黏附和定植的各种贡献，以及它们作为不同 EHEC 血清型检测和分类的遗传标记的潜在用途。本综述还讨论了几种自转运蛋白（EhaA - D、EspP、Saa 和 Sab 以及 Cah）的作用，以及其他与黏附相关的蛋白，如鞭毛、EibG、Iha 和 OmpA。虽然这些蛋白都已得到不同程度的研究，但本章总结的所有黏附素都与 EHEC 生命周期的不同阶段相关联，这使它们成为开发更有效诊断方法和治疗方法的良好靶点。
