Arcury Thomas A, Summers Phillip, Talton Jennifer W, Nguyen Ha T, Chen Haiying, Quandt Sara A
a Department of Family and Community Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina , USA.
J Agromedicine. 2015;20(1):64-76. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2014.976732.
ABSTRACT Migrant farmworkers are a vulnerable population. Migrant farmworkers with H-2A visas are the only agricultural workers with temporary work permits. Little research has directly focused on the job characteristics and work safety of workers with H-2A visas. This analysis (1) describes their personal and job characteristics, job hazards, and stressors; (2) describes their perceived work safety climate; and (3) examines associations of perceived work safety climate with job characteristics, job hazards, and stressors. Data are from a cross-sectional component of a larger study of farmworker pesticide exposure; in 2012 interviews were conducted with 163 migrant farmworkers with H-2A visas in North Carolina. The sample was limited to men aged 30 to 70 years. Migrant farmworkers with H-2A visas experience the same hazards as do other farmworkers. Their mean score on the Perceived Work Safety Climate Scale 25.5 (SD = 3.7) is similar to that of other farmworkers and other immigrant workers. Perceived work safety climate is associated with hours worked per week (P = .02), precarious employment (P < .001), planting and cultivating (P = .002), topping tobacco (P = .0012), and stress (P = .02). Perceived work safety climate is particularly important for migrant farmworkers with H-2A visas because their labor contracts limit their options to change employers. Additional research on the status of work safety climate among agricultural workers is needed, as well as on the factors that affect work safety climate and on the safety characteristics that are affected by work safety climate. Policy changes that lead to improved work safety climate should be considered.
摘要 流动农业工人是弱势群体。持有H - 2A签证的流动农业工人是唯一拥有临时工作许可的农业工人。很少有研究直接关注持有H - 2A签证工人的工作特征和工作安全。本分析：(1)描述他们的个人和工作特征、工作危害及压力源；(2)描述他们感知到的工作安全氛围；(3)检验感知到的工作安全氛围与工作特征、工作危害及压力源之间的关联。数据来自一项关于农业工人农药暴露的大型研究的横断面部分；2012年，对北卡罗来纳州163名持有H - 2A签证的流动农业工人进行了访谈。样本限于年龄在30至70岁之间的男性。持有H - 2A签证的流动农业工人与其他农业工人面临相同的危害。他们在“感知工作安全氛围量表”上的平均得分25.5（标准差 = 3.7）与其他农业工人和其他移民工人相似。感知到的工作安全氛围与每周工作时长（P = 0.02）、不稳定就业（P < 0.001）、种植和栽培（P = 0.002）、烟草打顶（P = 0.0012）及压力（P = 0.02）相关。感知到的工作安全氛围对持有H - 2A签证的流动农业工人尤为重要，因为他们的劳动合同限制了他们更换雇主的选择。需要对农业工人工作安全氛围的状况以及影响工作安全氛围的因素和受工作安全氛围影响的安全特征进行更多研究。应考虑能改善工作安全氛围的政策变革。
