Tanigawa Tohru, Yamashita Jun-ichi, Sato Takashi, Shinohara Atsushi, Shibata Rei, Ueda Hiromi, Sasaki Hirokazu
Department of Otolaryngology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
Department of Otolaryngology, Tono Kosei Hospital, Mizunami, Gifu, Japan.
Spec Care Dentist. 2015 Jul-Aug;35(4):164-9. doi: 10.1111/scd.12105. Epub 2015 Feb 2.
Xerostomia is a common condition and can impair quality of life. Pilocarpine tablet ingestion can relieve dry mouth symptoms, but produces numerous adverse effects. We investigated the safety and efficacy of pilocarpine mouthwash.
Forty elderly patients were randomly divided into a pilocarpine mouthwash or water rinse (control) group. Outcomes were assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) scores and stimulated salivary flow rate before and 1 month after treatment. Patients recorded all adverse effects.
In the pilocarpine group, we evaluated safety in 24 patients and efficacy in 19 patients. In the water rinse group, we evaluated safety and efficacy in 14 patients. VAS scores were significantly reduced after pilocarpine mouthwash treatment (70 ± 12.9 to 47.9 ± 13.1, p < 0.05). Overall improvement was observed in 47% of the pilocarpine group compared to 14% of the controls (p < 0.05). Stimulated salivary flow rate significantly increased (0.71 ± 0.14 to 0.83 ± 0.12 mL/minute, p < 0.05) after pilocarpine mouthwash treatment. Five of 24 patients reported side effects after pilocarpine mouthwash use, predominantly limited to oral discomfort.
Pilocarpine mouthwash relieved dry mouth symptoms and improved saliva production with minor side effects.
口干是一种常见病症，会损害生活质量。服用毛果芸香碱片可缓解口干症状，但会产生诸多不良反应。我们研究了毛果芸香碱漱口水的安全性和有效性。
40名老年患者被随机分为毛果芸香碱漱口水组或清水漱口（对照组）。在治疗前及治疗1个月后，通过视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分和刺激唾液流速评估结果。患者记录所有不良反应。
在毛果芸香碱组中，我们评估了24名患者的安全性和19名患者的有效性。在清水漱口组中，我们评估了14名患者的安全性和有效性。毛果芸香碱漱口水治疗后VAS评分显著降低（从70±12.9降至47.9±13.1，p<0.05）。毛果芸香碱组有47%的患者总体症状得到改善，而对照组为14%（p<0.05）。毛果芸香碱漱口水治疗后刺激唾液流速显著增加（从0.71±0.14增至0.83±0.12毫升/分钟，p<0.05）。24名患者中有5名在使用毛果芸香碱漱口水后报告有副作用，主要局限于口腔不适。
毛果芸香碱漱口水可缓解口干症状，增加唾液分泌，且副作用较小。
