Koenig Xaver, Hilber Karlheinz
Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, Vienna 1090, Austria.
Molecules. 2015 Jan 29;20(2):2208-28. doi: 10.3390/molecules20022208.
The plant indole alkaloid ibogaine has shown promising anti-addictive properties in animal studies. Ibogaine is also anti-addictive in humans as the drug alleviates drug craving and impedes relapse of drug use. Although not licensed as therapeutic drug and despite safety concerns, ibogaine is currently used as an anti-addiction medication in alternative medicine in dozens of clinics worldwide. In recent years, alarming reports of life-threatening complications and sudden death cases, temporally associated with the administration of ibogaine, have been accumulating. These adverse reactions were hypothesised to be associated with ibogaine's propensity to induce cardiac arrhythmias. The aim of this review is to recapitulate the current knowledge about ibogaine's effects on the heart and the cardiovascular system, and to assess the cardiac risks associated with the use of this drug in anti- addiction therapy. The actions of 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC), a less toxic ibogaine congener with anti-addictive properties, are also considered.
植物吲哚生物碱伊博格碱在动物研究中已显示出有前景的抗成瘾特性。伊博格碱在人类中也具有抗成瘾作用，因为该药物可减轻药物渴望并阻碍药物使用的复发。尽管未被许可作为治疗药物，且存在安全问题，但伊博格碱目前在全球数十家诊所的替代医学中被用作抗成瘾药物。近年来，与伊博格碱给药时间相关的危及生命的并发症和猝死病例的惊人报告不断积累。这些不良反应被推测与伊博格碱诱发心律失常的倾向有关。本综述的目的是总结目前关于伊博格碱对心脏和心血管系统影响的知识，并评估在抗成瘾治疗中使用该药物相关的心脏风险。还考虑了18-甲氧基冠狗牙花定碱（18-MC）的作用，它是伊博格碱的一种毒性较小且具有抗成瘾特性的类似物。
