Harkness Kate L, Bagby R Michael, Stewart Jeremy G, Larocque Cherie L, Mazurka Raegan, Strauss John S, Ravindran Arun, Rector Neil A, Wynne-Edwards Katherine E, Kennedy James L
Department of Psychology.
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2015 May;124(2):275-87. doi: 10.1037/abn0000034. Epub 2015 Feb 2.
Emerging evidence suggests that the tendency to generate stressful life events may be, at least in part, genetically determined. However, the role of the early environment in shaping responses to later stressors is crucial to fully specifying biogenetic models of stress generation. The current study examined the moderating role of childhood emotional, physical, and sexual maltreatment on the relation of the serotonin-transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene to proximal independent, dependent, and dependent-interpersonal life events. This question was tested in a cross-sectional community sample of 297 adolescents and young adults. Childhood maltreatment history and proximal life events were assessed with state-of-the-art interviews that provide independent and standardized ratings of the environmental context. Consistent with the stress generation hypothesis, individuals with the risk s-allele of the serotonin transporter gene reported significantly higher rates of dependent and dependent-interpersonal life events than those homozygous for the l-allele, but only in the context of a history of maternal emotional maltreatment or sexual maltreatment. Neither serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms or childhood maltreatment, or their interaction, were associated with reports of independent life events. The current results demonstrate the importance of considering specificity in the early environmental context when examining the relation of genetic factors to the generation of proximal stress.
新出现的证据表明，产生应激性生活事件的倾向可能至少部分由基因决定。然而，早期环境在塑造对后期应激源的反应方面所起的作用，对于全面确定应激产生的生物遗传模型至关重要。当前的研究考察了童年期情感、身体和性虐待在血清素转运体基因的血清素转运体相关启动子区域（5-HTTLPR）多态性与近期独立、依赖和依赖人际生活事件之间关系中的调节作用。这个问题在一个由297名青少年和青年组成的横断面社区样本中进行了测试。童年虐待史和近期生活事件通过先进的访谈进行评估，这些访谈提供了对环境背景的独立和标准化评分。与应激产生假说一致，携带血清素转运体基因风险s等位基因的个体报告的依赖和依赖人际生活事件发生率显著高于携带l等位基因的纯合子个体，但仅在有母亲情感虐待或性虐待史的情况下如此。血清素转运体基因多态性、童年虐待及其相互作用均与独立生活事件的报告无关。当前结果表明，在研究遗传因素与近期应激产生的关系时，考虑早期环境背景中的特异性非常重要。
