WHO Collaborating Center, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI.
College of Nursing, Georgia Regents University; College of Nursing, University of Arizona.
Nurs Outlook. 2015 Jan-Feb;63(1):68-76. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2014.10.008. Epub 2014 Nov 4.
Undocumented migration is a global phenomenon that is manifest in diverse contexts. In this article, we examine the situations that precipitate the movement of large numbers of people across several African countries, producing a unique type of undocumented migrant--the refugee. These refugee movements impact already fragile African health care systems and often involve human rights violations that are of particular concern, such as gender-based violence and child soldiers. We use examples from several countries in sub-Saharan Africa, including the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Mozambique. Drawing on key documents from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, current research, and our personal international experiences, we provide an overview of forced migration and discuss implications and opportunities for nurses to impact research, practice, and policy related to refugee health.
非法移民是一种全球性现象，存在于多种不同的背景中。在本文中，我们研究了促使大量人口跨越多个非洲国家迁移的情况，这些人口的流动产生了一种独特类型的非法移民——难民。这些难民潮对本已脆弱的非洲医疗保健系统产生了影响，而且往往涉及到特别令人关切的侵犯人权行为，如性别暴力和儿童兵问题。我们以来自撒哈拉以南非洲的几个国家为例，包括刚果民主共和国、卢旺达、利比里亚、塞拉利昂和莫桑比克。我们参考了联合国难民事务高级专员的主要文件、当前的研究以及我们个人的国际经验，概述了被迫迁移的情况，并讨论了护士在难民健康相关的研究、实践和政策方面产生影响的意义和机会。
