Ma Shengli, Shang Xiaoping, Guo Yu, Liu Gangqiong, Yang Jinjian, Xue Rui
Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jian She Dong Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China.
Neurol Sci. 2015 Jun;36(6):877-81. doi: 10.1007/s10072-015-2094-4. Epub 2015 Feb 3.
Hypertension is a common complication of pregnancy, and studies show that pregnant women are more likely to suffer from restless legs syndrome (RLS). Pregnant women with hypertension and RLS often experience disrupted sleep patterns because of activation of the nervous system. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between hypertension and RLS in pregnant women, and their impact on sleep. We enrolled 3,781 pregnant women who were admitted at our hospital for delivery between May 2011 and May 2014. The face-to-face questionnaire used to gather data included the International RLS Study Group criteria for diagnosis, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and hypertension diagnosis. Depending on the time of occurrence of hypertension, it was divided into two different types: pregnancy-induced hypertension and chronic hypertension in pregnancy. Out of 3,781 patients, 453 fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for RLS and 486 met the diagnostic criteria for hypertension. Among patients with RLS, prophylactic iron supplementation was less frequently taken during pregnancy. Pregnancy-induced hypertension, rather than chronic hypertension in pregnancy, was found to be more frequent in patients with RLS; pregnant women with RLS had higher PSQI and ESS scores than pregnant controls. In our study, RLS was frequent in pregnant women, especially in those without prophylactic iron supplementation. Patients with RLS described more serious sleep disruption and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). In addition, pregnancy-induced hypertension was more common in patients with RLS.
高血压是妊娠期常见的并发症，研究表明孕妇更易患不宁腿综合征（RLS）。患有高血压和RLS的孕妇常因神经系统激活而出现睡眠模式紊乱。本研究旨在阐明孕妇高血压与RLS之间的关系及其对睡眠的影响。我们纳入了2011年5月至2014年5月期间在我院住院分娩的3781名孕妇。用于收集数据的面对面调查问卷包括国际RLS研究组的诊断标准、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、爱泼华嗜睡量表（ESS）以及高血压诊断。根据高血压发生的时间，将其分为两种不同类型：妊娠期高血压和妊娠合并慢性高血压。在3781例患者中，453例符合RLS诊断标准，486例符合高血压诊断标准。在RLS患者中，孕期较少进行预防性铁补充。研究发现，妊娠期高血压而非妊娠合并慢性高血压在RLS患者中更为常见；RLS孕妇的PSQI和ESS评分高于正常对照孕妇。在我们的研究中，RLS在孕妇中很常见，尤其是那些未进行预防性铁补充的孕妇。RLS患者描述有更严重的睡眠中断和日间过度嗜睡（EDS）。此外，妊娠期高血压在RLS患者中更常见。
