Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2018 Mar 15;14(3):445-450. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.6996.
Many studies have investigated the association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and cardiovascular risk factors, leading to conflicting results. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine whether RLS is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and disease.
This cross-sectional study included 5,324 consecutive subjects who visited the Physical Examination Center of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University for their yearly routine physical examination. Participants underwent a face-to-face interview with a neurologist for the assessment of RLS, based on the International Restless Legs Study Group criteria. They also completed a questionnaire related to cardiovascular risk factors and other health-related and demographic information. Logistic regression was used to assess which of the demographic and cardiovascular risk factors increased the odds of RLS. Then, unadjusted and adjusted models were designed to determine whether RLS was associated with increased odds of cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, or hypertension.
RLS was observed in 9.2% of the participants. Multivariable logistic regression models, which included the covariates age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, hypercholesterolemia, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (dichotomized at 5), demonstrated that female sex (odds ratio [OR]: 2.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.99-2.95), smoking (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.31-2.92), high cholesterol (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.03-1.64), and PSQI score > 5 (OR: 5.61, 95% CI: 2.14-14.69) are significantly associated with RLS. Additionally, RLS was associated with hypertension, after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score > 5, diabetes, anemia, and decreased renal function.
RLS is associated with the prevalence of hypertension but not with that of cardiovascular disease or coronary artery disease.
许多研究已经调查了不安腿综合征（RLS）与心血管危险因素之间的关联，但其结果存在冲突。因此，本研究旨在确定 RLS 是否与心血管危险因素和疾病相关。
本横断面研究纳入了 5324 名连续就诊于郑州大学第一附属医院体检中心进行年度常规体检的受试者。研究人员通过神经病学专家对受试者进行面对面访谈，根据国际不安腿综合征研究组的标准评估 RLS。他们还填写了一份与心血管危险因素及其他健康相关和人口统计学信息相关的问卷。采用 logistic 回归评估哪些人口统计学和心血管危险因素会增加 RLS 的发病几率。然后，设计了未经调整和调整的模型，以确定 RLS 是否与增加患心血管疾病、冠心病或高血压的几率相关。
9.2%的参与者存在 RLS。多变量 logistic 回归模型包括年龄、性别、体重指数、吸烟状况、高胆固醇血症和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评分（二分变量为 5）等协变量，结果表明女性（比值比[OR]：2.42，95%置信区间[CI]：1.99-2.95）、吸烟（OR：1.96，95%CI：1.31-2.92）、高胆固醇血症（OR：1.30，95%CI：1.03-1.64）和 PSQI 评分>5（OR：5.61，95%CI：2.14-14.69）与 RLS 显著相关。此外，在调整年龄、性别、体重指数、吸烟、高胆固醇血症、PSQI 评分>5、糖尿病、贫血和肾功能下降等因素后，RLS 与高血压相关。
RLS 与高血压的患病率相关，但与心血管疾病或冠心病的患病率无关。
