Department of Community Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, PO Box 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506-9190, USA.
Sleep Med Rev. 2012 Aug;16(4):309-39. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2011.04.001. Epub 2011 Jul 5.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a distressing sleep and sensorimotor disorder that affects a large percentage of adults in the western industrialized world and is associated with profound reductions in quality of life. However, the etiology of RLS remains incompletely understood. Enhanced understanding regarding both the antecedents and sequelae of RLS could shed new light on the pathogenesis of RLS. Evidence from an emerging body of literature suggests associations between RLS and diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and related conditions linked to sympathetic activation and metabolic dysregulation, raising the possibility that these factors may likewise play a significant role in the development and progression of RLS, and could help explain the recently documented associations between RLS and subsequent cardiovascular disease. However, the relation between RLS and these chronic conditions has received relatively little attention to date, although potential implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of RLS could be considerable. In this paper, we systematically review the recently published literature regarding the association of RLS to cardiovascular disease and related risk factors characterized by sympathoadrenal and metabolic dysregulation, discuss potential underlying mechanisms, and outline some possible directions for future research.
不宁腿综合征（RLS）是一种令人痛苦的睡眠和感觉运动障碍，影响着西方工业化世界的很大一部分成年人，并且与生活质量的严重下降有关。然而，RLS 的病因仍不完全清楚。对 RLS 的前因和后果有更深入的了解，可以为 RLS 的发病机制提供新的线索。越来越多的文献证据表明，RLS 与糖尿病、高血压、肥胖症以及与交感神经激活和代谢失调相关的疾病之间存在关联，这增加了这样一种可能性，即这些因素可能同样在 RLS 的发展和进展中发挥重要作用，并有助于解释最近记录的 RLS 与随后的心血管疾病之间的关联。然而，到目前为止，RLS 与这些慢性疾病之间的关系还没有得到太多关注，尽管这可能对 RLS 的发病机制和治疗有重要影响。在本文中，我们系统地回顾了最近发表的关于 RLS 与心血管疾病及相关危险因素（其特征为交感肾上腺和代谢失调）的关联的文献，讨论了潜在的潜在机制，并概述了未来研究的一些可能方向。
